最新英语专八考试题阅读理解精选试题

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最新英语专八考试题阅读理解精选试题

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最新英语专八考试题阅读理解精选试题

　　最新英语专八考试题阅读理解试题 1

　　Preface

　　精读原文：

　　Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since ittouches almost every facet of our life, educatedpeople need at least some acquaintance with itsstructure and operation. They should also have anunderstanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. Anunderstanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts iseasier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate thescientist.

　　This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with scienceis superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse ofdried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production ofgadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book canbe used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts togive an understanding of the modern world, or independently of any course一simply to providea better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broaderperspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientistsare, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationshipbetween science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in ourculture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific viewsand some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.

　　We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientificcommunity and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come tocomprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture isnot an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society asmore women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. Indiscussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that isimplicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals.To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronounswhenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is farform being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language intreating half of the human race equally.

　　We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach isusually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn t take ourselves tooseriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as agrim and dreary way to earn a living.

　　【阅读练习题】

　　1.According to the passage,scientific subculturemeans

　　[A] cultural groups that are formed by scientists.

　　[B]people whose knowledge of science is very limited.

　　[C] the scientific community.

　　[D] people who make good contribution to science.

　　2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because

　　[A] it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.

　　[B]Science affects almost every aspect of our life.

　　[C] Scientists live in a specific subculture.

　　[D] It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.

　　3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who

　　[A] are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.

　　[B]are good at producing various gadgets.

　　[C] work in a storehouse of dried facts.

　　[D] want to have a superficial understanding of science.

　　4.According to this passage,

　　[A] English is a sexist language.

　　[B]only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.

　　[C] women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.

　　[D] male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.

　　5.This passage most probably is

　　[A] a book review.

　　[B]the preface of a book.

　　[C] the postscript of a book.

　　[D] the concluding part of a book.

　　【答案详解】

　　1.C科学社区。答案在第一段第二句，人们也该了解科学家生活在其中的亚文化群以及他们是什么样的人。第三段又讲到，有关科学社区的画面以及妇女对科学亚文化的贡献。可见科学社区即亚文化。A.科学家所组成种种文化群体。B.科学知识有限的一些人。C.对科学作出很大贡献的人。

　　2.B因为科学儿乎影响到我们生活的各个方面。文章开综明旨点出:科学是我们文化中的重要主题，由于它儿乎涉及到我们生活的每一方面，有知识的人至少需要熟悉一些结构和作用。

　　3.A.了解激发和挫伤科学家的事情可不太容易。(比较难)C.科学家生活在特定的亚文化群中。D.了解科学的一般特性比较容易。A不太了解科学的大学生或门外汉。第二段首句就点出了这本书为对科学一知半解的大学生和门外汉所写，为某些人，一直把科学看作干巴巴的事实堆砌的发霉的石屋的人;为那种把科学的主要目的视为生产小配件的人;为那些把科学视为某种魔术的人而写。这说明主要为A项人所写，对科学了解不多的大学生和普通人。

　　B.善于生产各种小配件。C.在干巴巴的事实堆砌的石屋中工作。D.相对科学有肤浅了解的人。

　　4.D不应当用阳性的名词和代词去指科学家。第三段集中讲了这本书提供精确而又现代的有关科学社区(社会)和居住在其中的人的画卷。近年来，越来越多的妇女包括进来，原因是许多妇女进入传统上为男人统治的领域，并作出巨大贡献，所以妇女在科学亚文化群中的增多并不是罕见的偶然事件，而是社会各部门明显趋势的组成部分。在讨论其变化和贡献时，我们面临着隐含性别歧视的语言一一用阳性名词和代词来指未指定人物，为了消除这种偏颇，我们在可能和必要时采用了复数名词和代词来取代他或她。

　　A.英语是一种性别语言。B.只有在科学领域中，妇女的作用增长很快。C.妇女在晓民我们语言中的不适当性作出了巨大的贡献。根据此题注释说明这三项都不对。英语不能说成是有性别的语言，其中虽有些词性表示男性或女性。文内明确指科学界妇女增多是整个社会的趋势的组成部分。由于妇女在科学界的贡献，所以不能再用阳性名词或代词去指科学界，并不是在消灭语言……

　　5.B书的前言，见文章大意。

　　A.书的评论。C.书跋、书的附录。D.书的结论部分。

　　【阅读词汇学习】

　　subculture亚文化群(指在一个社会或一种文化内具有独特性的一群人)

　　superficial肤浅的，浅薄的，表面的

　　lay person外行，门外汉，俗人

　　musty发毒的，老朽的，陈腐的

　　gadget小玩意儿，小配件，新发明

　　pervasive渗透的，弥漫的，遍布的

　　populate居住于……中，在……中占一席之地

　　implicit含蓄的，内含的

　　unspecified未特别提出的

　　offset抵消，补偿

　　【难句解析】

　　An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts iseasier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate thescientist.

　　如果一个人知道那些使科学家激动不已和灰心丧气的`东西，那就比较容易了解科学的一般(普遍)特征以及特殊科学概念。

　　We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitude and a morerealistic view of what science is, who scientists are and what they do.

　　我们希望这本书能引导读者对科学观念有一个更为广阔的透视;对什么是科学、科学家是些什么人以及他们在干什么有一个更为现实的观点。

　　In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views andsome of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.

　　另外，读者可学会正确评价科学观点与我们文化中无处不在的某些价值观和哲学思想之问的关系。

　　This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but,rather,part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionallymale-dominated fields and make significant contributions.

　　科学亚文化群中妇女作用越来越大。这不是难得一见的意外事件，而是，确切地说，在社会各部门显著潮流的一部分由于越来越多妇女进入了传统上为男了统治的领域并作出了重大的贡献。

　　This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgement of the inadequacy ofour language in treating half of human race equally.

　　这一策略并不理想，但它至少承认了一个事实，那就是在平等对待人类另一半上，我们的语言功能还不全。

　　【写作方法与文章大意】

　　这是一篇书的序言，作者用夹叙夹议的写作方法介绍了书的涉及面及其功能。

　　首先提出科学是我们文化的重大主题，但人们也该了解科学家生活的亚文化群，只有懂得一些激励和挫伤科学家的种种情况，才能理解科学的一般特征及其特殊概念。

　　第二方面指出书的读者对象是对科学一知半解的学生及门外汉。书可作理工科课程的辅助(补充)读物，又可独立白成体系。它可开阔人们科学的视野，真正了解科学、科学家及其工作，理解科学和文化的关系，科学观点和哲学的关系。

　　第三方面指出亚文化群中妇女增多，贡献巨大，而我们的语言却隐含这性别的歧视，难以充分平等地反映妇女。最后指出书信息量大又具娱乐性，寓教于乐。

　　最新英语专八考试题阅读理解试题 2

　　Racket, din clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America’s most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people’s health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still responds—sometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night. The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health.

　　Of many health hazards to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body.

　　Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn child when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest.

　　Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.

　　1.In Paragraph 1, the phrase immune to are used to mean ___.

　　A.unaffected by

　　B.hurt by

　　C.unlikely to be seen by

　　D.unknown by

　　2.The author’s attitude toward noise would best be described as ___.

　　A.unrealistic

　　B.traditional

　　C.concerned

　　D.hysterical

　　3.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?

　　A.Noise is a major problem; most people recognize its importance.

　　B.Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.

　　C.Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such.

　　D.Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done.

　　4.The author condemns noise essentially because it ___.

　　A.is against the law

　　B.can make some people irritable

　　C.is a nuisance

　　D.in a ganger to people’s health

　　5.The author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be ___.

　　A.unimportant

　　B.impossible.

　　C.a waste of money

　　D.essential

　　答案：ACCDD

　　最新英语专八考试题阅读理解试题 3

　　The Only Way to Travel is on Foot

　　精读原文：

　　The past ages of man have all been carefully labeledby anthropologists. Descriptions like PalaeolithicMan, Neolithic Man, etc., neatly sum up wholeperiods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentiethcentury, they will surely choose the labelLegless Man. Histories of the time will go somethinglike this: in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women movedabout in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all largebuildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of thattime because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didnt use their legs evenwhen they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of everyhuge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks.

　　The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In ourhurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel givesyou a birds-eye view of the world – or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get inyour way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantlysmears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go onand on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for seatravel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: Ijoined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea. The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says Ive been there.You mention the remotest, mostevocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to sayIve been there– meaning, I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhereelse.

　　When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the futurebecause you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. Butactual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling likethis, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well bedead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him travelingand arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. Heexperiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the endof his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleepwill be his: the just reward of all true travellers.

　　【阅读练习题】

　　1、Anthorpologists label nowadays men Legless because

　　A people forget how to use his legs.

　　B people prefer cars, buses and trains.

　　C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.

　　D there are a lot of transportation devices.

　　2、Travelling at high speed means

　　A peoples focus on the future.

　　B a pleasure.

　　C satisfying drivers great thrill.

　　D a necessity of life.

　　3、Why does the author say we are deprived of the use of our eyes ?

　　A People wont use their eyes.

　　B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.

　　C People cant see anything on his way of travel.

　　D People want to sleep during travelling.

　　4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

　　A Legs become weaker.

　　B Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.

　　C There is no need to use eyes.

　　D The best way to travel is on foot.

　　5. What does a birds-eye view mean?

　　A See view with birds eyes.

　　B A bird looks at a beautiful view.

　　C It is a general view from a high position looking down.

　　D A scenic place.

　　【答案详解】

　　1.A 人们忘了用脚。答案在第一段：人类学家把以往年代的人们分别标上旧石器时代、新石器时代人，等等。干脆利落地总结了一个时期。当他们转向20 世纪，他们肯定会标上“无脚的人”。因为在20 世纪，人们忘了如何用脚走路。男人女人早年外出就坐车、公共汽车、火车。大楼里由电梯、自动扶梯，不需要人们走路。即使度假期间，他们也不用脚。他们筑有缆车道、滑雪载车和路直通山顶。所有的风景旅游区都有大型的汽车停车场。 B 人们喜欢汽车、公交车、火车等。 C 电梯、自动扶梯制止人们走路。 D 有许多交通运输工具。

　　2.A 人们的注意力在未来。见最后一段第一句话：当你高速旅行，现在等于零，你主要生活在未来，因为你大部分时间盯在前面到达的某个地方。真到了，又没有意义了，你还要再向前进。 B 是一种欢乐。 C 满足司机强烈的渴望。第二段中提及死机醉心于开车、不停车但不是快速前进着眼于未来。 D 生活的需要。这一条在第一段中提及这种情况是因为他们那异常的生活方法强加给时代的居民。这是指不用脚走路，而用一切代步器――交通运输工具，不是开快车。

　　3.C 人们在旅行途中什么都见不到。答案在第二段，由一地转向另一地，路上你什么都没有见到。乘飞机你只能俯视世界，火车，汽车，只见外界朦胧景象掠过窗子。海上旅游，只见到海。“我到过那里”此话含义就是“我以一小时一百英里在去某某地方时经过那里”。正因为如此，作者指出将来的历史书上会记录下：我们被剥夺了眼睛的应用。 A 人们不愿用眼睛。 B 在高速旅行中，眼睛没有用了。 D 旅行中，人们想睡觉。

　　4.D 旅行的最佳方式是走路。文章第一段、第二段分别讲述了旅行可不用脚、不用眼等情况。第三段，在讲述了人们只知向前向前，一切经历都停滞，现实不再是现实，还不如死的'好。而用脚走路的旅行者总是生活再现实，对他来说旅行和到达是一回事，他一步一步走到某地，他用眼睛、耳朵，以至整个身体去体验现在时刻、旅行终点，他感到全身舒坦愉悦的疲劳，美美享受满足的酣睡;一切真正旅行者的真实报偿。这一段就是作者写文章的目的――走路是旅行的最佳方式。 A 脚变得软弱无力。 B 现代交通工具把世界变小。 C 没有必要用眼睛。

　　5.C 从高出向下看的景致：俯视。 A 用鸟的眼睛看景点。 B 鸟在看美景。 D 风景点。

　　【阅读词汇学习】

　　Palaeolithic 旧石器时代的

　　Neolithic 新石器时代的

　　escalator 自动电梯，自动扶梯

　　ski-lift 载送滑雪者上坡的装置

　　mar 损坏，毁坏

　　blur 模糊不清，朦胧

　　smear 涂，弄脏，弄模糊(尤指画面、轮廓等)

　　evocative 引起回忆的，唤起感情的

　　El Dorado (由当时西班牙征服者想象中的南美洲)黄金国，宝山，富庶之乡

　　Kabul 喀布尔(阿富汗首都)