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职称英语历年真题《卫生A》完形填空

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职称英语历年真题《卫生A》完形填空精选

  完形填空是一项综合性的测试,它不仅考查考生对词汇、语法的掌握程度,更重要的是考查考生对语言的准确理解程度和综合运用能力。为了大家更好的攻克2017年职称英语完形填空,以下是yjbys网小编整理的关于职称英语历年真题《卫生A》完形填空精选,供大家备考。

职称英语历年真题《卫生A》完形填空精选

  More about Alzheimer's Disease

  Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's diseasel and may ultimately allow physicians to predict 51 is at risk of getting this neurological disorder.

  The only current means of 52 the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.

  "Since Alois Alzheimer described the 53 nearly a century .ago, people have been trying to find a way to 54 diagnose it in its early stages, " said Patricia Grady, acting director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda, Maryland. "This discovery, if 55 , could prove a big step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease. "

  Alzheimer's is the single greatest 56 of mental deterioration in older people, affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States 57. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function, and eventually causes death. There is currently no known 58 for the disease.

  Researches 59 that the skin cells of Alzheimer's patients have defects that interfere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells. The fact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that Alzheimer's 60 from physiological changes throughout the body, and that dementia may be the first noticeable 61 of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain, scientists said.

  The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cells' supply of calcium, another 62 element.

  One test developed by researches calls 63 growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that 64 the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.

  A spokesman for the Alzheimer's Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic test can be proven it would be an important 65, but cautioned that other promising tests for Aizheimer's have been disappointing.

  51. A. what

  B. one

  C. it

  D. who

  52. A. fighting

  B. carrying

  C. transmitting

  D. diagnosing

  53. A. answer

  B. effect

  C. disease

  D. study.

  54. A. slowly

  B. accurately

  C. newly

  D. incorrectly

  55. A. designed

  B. announced

  C. confirmed

  D. reported

  56. A. cause

  B. factor

  C. focus

  D. exception

  57. A. finally

  B. lonely

  C. yet

  D. alone

  58. A. examination

  B. evidence

  C. treatment

  D. fact

  59. A. discovered

  B. predicted

  C. expected

  D. warned

  60. A. keeps

  B. breaks

  C. results

  D. translates

  61. A. affect

  B. remove

  C. collect

  D. form

  62. A. steady

  B. natural

  C. continuous

  D. critical

  63. A. at

  B. out

  C. for

  D. of

  64. A. start

  B. get

  C. follow

  D. govern

  65. A. chance

  B. concept

  C. development

  D. decision

  答案与解析

  51.D。本题考查关系代词。题干:科学家们发现,采用皮肤化验的方法可以判断病人是否患有老年痴呆症,并且最终有助于医生预测__________有患上这种神经功能紊乱性疾病的危险。此处是“预测”的宾语从句,而该从句缺少主语,所以用who引导。因此该题答案为D。

  52.D。本题考查语义线索。题干:要 __________ 一个病人是否患有这类疾病,目前唯一的方法是进行一系列长期而昂贵的测试,以排除导致痴呆的其他病因。四个选项分别代入后,只有diagnose the disease(诊断疾病)比较符合语境,所以该题答案为D。

  【考点延伸】fight for/against sth为……而战/为反对……而战

  53.C。本题考查语义线索。题干:自从艾洛伊斯•阿尔茨海默记载了这个__________以后,近一百年来人们一直在努力寻找能够在早期阶段就能__________诊断出这种疾病的方法……本文讨论的早老性痴呆症,因而是记载了这个疾病以来,所以该题答案为C。

  54.B。本题考查语义线索。题干:自从艾洛伊斯•阿尔茨海默记载了这个疾病以后,近一百年来人们一直在努力寻找能够在早期阶段就能__________诊断出这种疾病的方法……四个选项分别代入,显然是寻求精确诊断的方法,所以该题的答案为B。

  55.C。本题考查语义线索。题干:这个发现如果__________,将会意味着我们在治疗和了解这种病症方面前进了一大步。上文提到近一百年来人们一直在努力寻找能够精确诊断的方’法,所以一旦该发现得到证实,将使一大进步,所以该题的答案为C。

  56.A。本题考查语义线索。题干:早老性痴呆是导致老年人大脑功能退化的唯一的重要。早老性痴呆与大脑退化有着直接的联系,而不仅仅只是影响因素,所以选择reason比较符合语境

  57.D。本题考查语义线索。题干:早老性痴呆是导致老年人大脑功能退化的唯一的重要原因。在美国,就有约250万到400万人患有这种疾病。四个选项分别代入后,仅仅在美国比较符合逻辑,突出早老性痴呆的严重性,所以该题答案为D,其他三个都与语境不搭。

  58.C。本题考查语义线索。题干:目前,对这种病仍然没有已知的。四个选项分别代入后,结合上下文可知是没有已知的治疗方法,所以该题答案为C,其他三个都与语境不搭。

  59.A。本题考查语义线索。题干:研究者早老性痴呆症患者的皮肤细胞有缺损,这种缺损会影响人体对出入于细胞的钾的流量的调控。四个选项分别代入后,结合上下文可知研究者发现了早老性痴呆症患者的皮肤细胞有缺损的症状,所以该题答案为A,其他三个都与语境不搭。

  60.C。本题考查语义和固定搭配。题干:科学家认为皮肤细胞有缺损这个事实表明,早老性痴呆人体全身的生理变化,并且大脑细胞受损带来的变化所产生的最为明显的就是痴呆。四个选项都可以跟后面的介词from搭配,其中keep from意为“阻止,抑制”,break from意为“决裂,挣脱”,result from意为“起因于,由……造成”,translate…from…意为“从……翻译为……”,但是语境是分析早老性痴呆的原因,所以result from比较符合语境,因而答案为C。

  【考点延伸】resultin(导致);be causedby(由……引起);bring about(因此,产生)

  61.A。此处考查语义线索。题干:科学家认为皮肤细胞有缺损这个事实表明,早老性痴呆由人体全身的生理变化所引起,并且这种受损大脑细胞时,这种变化所产生的最为明显的影响就是痴呆。四个选项分别代入后,此处就是分析受损细所带来的影响,因此affect(影响)比较符合此处的语境,其他三个选项跟语境不搭。

  62.D。这里考查语义和并列结构。题干:钾的流量对于与记忆密切相关的细胞至关重要。科学家还发现还有两种细胞的缺损会影响细胞中钙的含量。钙也是一种元素。从“also”可知前后的分句之间为并列关系,讨论的是细胞的缺损会带来钾和钙的流失,由此可知此处也应填入critical一词,与上一句相照应。

  63.c。此处是考查固定搭配。题干:研究者进行的皮肤测试中有一种在实验室环境中培养皮肤细胞。call与选项中的四个词都可以组成固定搭配,其中call at意为“拜访,访问”,call out意为“唤起,大声喊”,call for意为“要求”,call of意为“邀……同去”,但是只有call for符合语境,所以该题答案为C。

  【考点延伸】call off(取消,删除);call up(召集)

  64.D。此处考查语义线索。题干:研究者进行的皮肤测试中有一种要求在实验室环境中培养皮肤细胞,然后使用检电器进行测试,检查钾量的极微小管道是否畅通。四个选项分别代入后,可知微小管道的主要功能就是来控制钾量,因而该题的正确答案为D。

  65.C。此处考查语义线索。题干:早老性痴呆研究协会的一名发言人说,这种诊断性测试如果得到证实,将是一个重要的__________。根据语境,如果诊断性测试得到证实,就会给早老性痴呆的诊治提供帮助,所以这是一个重要的进步,因此该题的答案为C。

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