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2024年职称英语考试卫生类C级试题阅读判断及答案
在学习、工作中，我们都不可避免地要接触到试题，借助试题可以检测考试者对某方面知识或技能的掌握程度。你知道什么样的试题才是好试题吗？以下是小编为大家整理的2024年职称英语考试卫生类C级试题阅读判断及答案，欢迎大家分享。
职称英语考试卫生类C级试题阅读判断及答案 1
A Memory Drug?
IT’S DIFFICULT TO IMAGINE MANY THINGS that people would welcome more than a memory-enhancing drug. ____1_ B
A memory enhancer could help eliminate forgetting associated with aging and disease.___ Furthermore, such a drug could help people remember past experiences more clearly and help us acquire new information more easily for school and at work. As scientists learn more about memory, we are closing in on this tantalizing goal.1 Some of the most exciting evidence comes from research that has built on earlier findings linking LTP2 and memory to identify a gene that improves memory in mice.
The gene makes a protein that assists the NMDA2 receptor，
which plays an important role in long-term memory by helping to initiate LTP. ___ Mice bred to have extra copies of this gene showed more activity in their NMDA receptors，more LTP，and improved performance on several different memory tasks — learning a spatial layout3, recognizing familiar objects，and recalling a fear-inducing shock. If these basic insights about genes, LTP, and the synaptic basis of memory can be translated to people — and that remains to be seen — they could pave the way for memory-enhancing treatments. ____3_
Like steroids for bulking up the muscles, these drugs would bulk up memory. ___ As exciting as this may sound, it also raises troubling issues. Consider the potential educational implications of memory-enhancing drugs. If memory enhancers were available, children who used them might
be able to acquire and retain extraordinary amounts of information, allowing them to progress far more rapidly in school than they could otherwise. How well could the brain handle such an onslaught of information? What happens to children who don’t have access to the latest memory enhancers? Are they left behind in school — and as a result handicapped later in life? ____4__What are the potential implications of memory-enhancing drugs for the
workplace?__ Imagine that you are applying for a job that requires a good memory，such as a manager at a technology company or a sales position that requires remembering customers’ names as well as the attributes of different products and services. Would you take a memory-enhancing drug to increase your chances of landing the position? Would people who felt uncomfortable taking such a drug find themselves cut out of lucrative career opportunities? Memory drugs might also help take the sting out of disturbing memories that we wish we could forget but can’t.4 The 2004 hit movie Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind told the story of a young man seeking just such freedom from the painful memories of a romantic breakup. As you will see in the section on persistence later in the chapter, emotionally arousing events often create intrusive memories, and researchers have already muted emotional memories with drugs that block the action of key hormones. Should emergency workers who must confront horrifying accident scenes that can burden them with persisting memories be provided with such drugs? Should such drugs be given to rape victims who can’t forget the trauma? Memory drugs might provide some relief to such individuals. But could they also interfere with an individual’s ability to assimilate and come to terms with a difficult experience? We may find ourselves struggling with thesekinds of questions in the not-too-distant future.
注释：
1.As scientists learn more aboutmemory, we are closing in on this tantalizing goal.随着科学家们对记忆了解增多，我们正接近这一诱人的目标。
2.LTP&SNMDA：(Long-term Potentiation)给突触前纤维一个短暂的髙频剌激后，突触传递效率和强度增加几倍且能持续数小时至几天保持这种增强的现象。LTP发现海马LTP可能是学习记忆的分子基础。1973年Bliss及其合作者，电刺激麻醉兔的内嗅皮层，使海马表层的穿通纤维兴奋，可在齿状回记录到场电位。先用高频电刺激几秒钟后，再用单个电刺激，记录到的部分场电位幅度大大超过原先记录的对照值，并可持续几小时，几天。这一现象称为长时程增强效应(LTP)。1983年发现NMDA(N—甲基一D—门冬氨酸)受体通道复合体在LTP过程中起重要作用，进一步深化了对LTP在大脑学习记忆中作用的理解。
3.a spatial layout：空间布局
4.Memory drugs might also help takethe sting out of disturbing memories that we wish we could forget but can’t：增强记忆药对我们想忘记却又不能的令人烦扰的记忆变得令人易于接受。take the sting out of：使……易于被接受;使 ……令人感到愉快
5.But could they also interfere withan individual’s ability to assimilate and come to terms with a difficultexperience? 中的come toterms with：让步;屈服
练习：
A Like steroids for bulking up the muscles, these drugs would bulk upmemory.
B A memory enhancer could help eliminate forgetting associated withaging and disease.
C What are the potential implications of memory-enhancing drugs forthe workplace?
D We may find ourselves struggling with these kinds of questions inthe not-too-distant future.
E There is a pill that you could take every day to allow you toremember everything.
F The gene makes a protein that assists the NMDA2 receptor，which plays an important role inlong-term memory by helping to initiate LTP.
答案与题解：
1.B依据上一句的“很难想象一种提高人们记忆力的药会受到人们吹捧”;下面应该对这一现象做出解释，即这种药物有什么疗效;而后一句的Furthermore这一指示词起到了递进的作用，进一步说明这种药物的益处。More than ：非常，极其，十分
2.F前一句的'关键词是gene、LTP和mice，它讲的是有些令人兴奋的证据是从研究中得出的;该研究基于早期连接LTP和记忆的发现，该结果确定了提髙老鼠记忆的基因;而后一句进一步阐述这一发现，开头的mice可以是一个连接词。
3.A前一句讲：如果这种结果用于人类的话，人们就有可能把提高人的记忆力用于临床。这一句讲：就像类固醇用于提髙人的肌肉能力，这种药物也可以提高人的记忆力。
4.C一般情况下，每一段的第一句都是本段的主题句。而该句是一个问句：这种提高记忆力的药物用于职场有什么潜在的启示呢?紧接着本段其余几句都提出关于这种药物是否会对职场的提升有什么影响的问题。
5.D本句是全文的最后一句。应该是总结性的。鉴于前面都列举了这种提高记忆力的药所面临的一系列问题，所以，我们在不久的将来要面临这些问题。
职称英语考试卫生类C级试题阅读判断及答案 2
The Need to Remember
Some people say they have no memory at all: "I just cant remember a thing!" But of course,we all have a memory. Our memory tells us who we are. Our memory helps us to make use in the present of what we have learnt in the past. In fact, we have different types of memory. For example, our visual memory helps us recall facts and places. Some people have such a strong visual memory, they can remember exactly what they have seen, for example, pages of a book, as a complete picture.Our verbal (言语的) memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heardbutnot seen or written: items of a shopping list, a chemical formula, dates, or a recipe.
With our emotional memory, we recall situations or places where we had strongfeelings,perhaps of happiness or unhappiness. We also have special memories for smell, taste, touch and sound, and for performing physical movements.We have two ways of storing any of these memories: Our short-term memory stores items for up to thirty seconds- enough to remember a telephone number while we dial. Our long-term memory, on the other hand, may store items for a lifetime. Older people in fact have a much better long-term memory than short-term. They may forget what they have done onlya few hours ago, but have the clearest remembrance (记忆) of when they were very young.
Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts about our past, and that we invent the rest. It is as though we remember only the outline of a story. We then make up the details. We often do this in the way we want to remember them, usually so that we appear as the heroes of our own past-- or maybe victims needing sympathy ( 同情).Visual memory helps us recall a place we have been to.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:A
解析:题干 ：视觉记忆能帮助我们回忆起我们曾经去过的地方。通过题干中的关键词
visual memory可以定位在第二段中的“our visual memory helps US recall facts and
places” ，意为“我们的视觉记忆有助于我们回忆一些事件和地方”。因此，
题干与文章信息符合，故选择A。
(17) Visual memory may be used when we read a story.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:A
解析: 题干 ：当我们阅读故事的时候，我们使用了视觉记忆。通过题干中的visual
memory和read可以定位在第二段中的“Some people have such a strong visual memory,they
can remember exactly what they have seen，for example，pages of a book，as a complete
picture” ，意为“有些人有很强的视觉记忆，他们可以准确地记住他们看过的东西，
如书和图画等”。
因此，题干与文章信息符合，故选择A。
(18) Verbal memory helps us read words we have never heard.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:B
解析: 题干 ：语言记忆有助于我们去阅读从未听过的文字。通过题干中的名词“verbal
memory可以定位第三段的相关信息“Our verbal(言语的)memory helps US remember words
and figures we may have
heard”，意为“我们的语言记忆有助于我们记住我们听到的文字和数字”。
但该句核心词是remember，而不是read，因此题干与文章信息不符合，故选择B选项。
(19) Emotional memory is used when we perform physical movements.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:B
解析: 题干 ：做身体活动的时候我们使用的`是情感记忆。通过题干中的“emotional
memory”可以定位到第四段的相关信息“With our emotional memory,we recall situations or
places where we had strong feelings，perhaps of happiness or unhappiness .We also have
special memories for smell，taste，touch and sound，and for performing physical
movements”，意为“使用我们的情感记忆，
我们可以回忆起我们有过强烈感情的情景和地方。我们也有嗅觉、味觉、触觉、
听觉以及身体运动的特殊记忆”。由此可知，身体运动有其特殊的记忆，
而不是使用到情绪记忆，题干与文章信息不符合，故选择B。
(20) Animals do not have a long-term memory.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:C
解析: 题干 ：动物没有长时记忆。用animals和long.term memory
回到原文定位，文中并未提到与动物相关的事情，因此选择C。
(21) Long-term memory is more important than short-term memory.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:C
解析: 题干 ：长时记忆比短时记忆更重要。由long-term memory和short-term memory
定位到原文第五段，但是本段没有比较长时记忆与短时记忆的重要性。因此选择C选项。
(22) Generally we remember only a few facts about the past.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:A
解析:
题干 ：总的来说，我们只能记住有关过去的一些事实。利用aboutthepast
回到原文定位到最后一段中的“Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts
about our
past” ，意为“心理学家告诉我们，我们只能记住有关我们过去的一些事实”，
由此得知本题应选择A。
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