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职称英语考试《综合B》概括大意历年真题
在日常学习、工作生活中，我们都不可避免地会接触到考试真题，考试真题可以帮助学校或各主办方考察参试者某一方面的知识才能。大家知道什么样的考试真题才是规范的吗？以下是小编为大家收集的职称英语考试《综合B》概括大意历年真题，欢迎阅读与收藏。
职称英语考试《综合B》概括大意历年真题 1
Teaching Is "One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK"
(1) The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary-school teaching (pupils aged 11-16), and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers, Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who say they would "seriously consider" teaching as a career has fallen sharply,from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.
(2) The main drawback of secondary teaching according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs, and this means that fewer and fewer young people decide to be teachers. Joanne Manners,24, is a good example: "I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher -- but when I looked into the details, it became clear that teaching isnt very lucrative(赚钱的) job these days. I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, and so I decided not to become a teacher."
(3) Its not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people dont want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Heres the view of Dave Hallam, an account from London, "I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers,"
(4)"I love teaching; its my passion. Ive been a secondary-school teacher of Spanish for ten years now, and although its a very demanding job, its very satisfying. When I see my students passing their Spanish exams, or singing along to Spanish pop songs, it makes me feel so proud," says Brian Jones, who works in a secondary school in London. So what does he think the government should reduce the burden of work on teachers, "I find that I always have too much work to do."
(5) The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also suggests that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people. Another solution could be set a maximum number hours per week that teachers can work, in order to reduce stress on teachers. "Hopefully," the report concludes, "these solutions can improve the poor image of secondary teaching, and increase the number of young people who want to become teachers in the future."
23. Paragraph 1 __________
24. Paragraph 2__________
25. Paragraph 3 __________
26. Paragraph 4 __________
A. Students bad behavior and lack of discipline
B. Improvement of children behavior
C. Heavy workload on teachers
D. The problem of low salary
E. A report on teacher shortage
F. A nationwide publicity campaign
27. More and more young people are held back from teaching __________.
28. Parents are encouraged to back the teacher up when there are ___________.
29. The government should reduce the workload on teachers to ease__________.
30. The government should promote teaching as a career by advertising __________.
A. its benefits
B. their childhood memories
C. their stress
D. more training
E. discipline problems
F. because oflow pay
答案与解析
23.E。题干：第一段的主要内容是__________。第一段的主题句是第一句，大意是说英国政府的一项报告指出许多中学面临着师资困难，故E(有关师资短缺的报告)是正确答案。
24.D。题干：第二段的主要内容是__________。第二段首句是主题句，大意为“根据报告，中学教学的主要问题是工资低”，故D(低工资的问题)是正确答案。
25.A。题干：第三段的主要内容是__________。第三段的主题句为第二句，“yet”之前讨论的是师资不足不仅仅是钱的问题，“yet”之后讨论人们不愿做老师的另外一个原因就是有些学生行为恶劣，因而A(学生的不良行为和缺乏管束)是正确答案。
26.c。题干：第四段的主要内容是__________。四段没有主题句，以Brian Jones的例子来说明教师在看到学生通过考试时的满足感，后半部分则是他希望政府能够给老师减负，故C(教师工作负担重)是正确答案。(如果段落之中没有明显的主题句，则需要根据大意或者高频词汇进行判断。)
27.F。题干：越来越多的年轻人不愿意从事教师的.职业__________。利用题干关键词young people可以定位到第二段第二句，教师工资比很多其他职业的工资低得多，这意味着越来越少的年轻人决定做教师，所以答案为F(因为低工资)
28.E。题干：家长被鼓励要支持教师，当有__________的时候。利用题干关键词parents和back the teacher可以定位到第三段最后两句，Dave Hallam认为家长要为孩子在学校的不良行为负责，应该在家严格要求孩子，同时也要教会孩子尊重老师，对比几个选项，可以发现选项E(纪律问题)比较符合语境。
29.C。题干：政府应该给教师减负来减轻__________。利用题干关键词reduce the workload可以定位到第三段最后一句，可知Brian认为政府应该给教师减负，因为他发现他的工作量太多了，所答案为C(他们的压力)o
30.A。题干：政府应该通过宣传__________来提升教师职业。利用题目顺序和段落顺序一致的原则以及题干关键词government，promotin9和advertisin9等可以定位到第五段的第三句，即政府也应发动全国性的宣传运动，例如在电视和报纸做广告等，来展示教授年轻人的积极意义。因此，该题答案选A(它的好处)。
职称英语考试《综合B》概括大意历年真题 2
supermarket
supermarket is a type of retailing institution that has a moderately broad product assortment spanning groceries and some nonfood lines, that ordinarily emphasizes price in either an offensive or defensive way. as a method, supermarket retailing features several related product lines, a high degree of self-service, largely centralized checkout, and competitive prices. the supermarket approach to retailing is used to sell various kinds of merchandise, ____(1)____.
The term supermarket usually refers to an institution in the grocery retailing field. most supermarkets emphasize price. some use price offensively by featuring low prices in order to attract customers. other supermarkets use price more defensively by relying on leader pricing to avoid a price disadvantage. since supermarkets typically have very thin gross margins, they need high levels of inventory turnover to achieve satisfactory returns on invested capital.
Supermarkets originates in the early 1930s. they were established by independents ____(2)____. supermarkets were an immediate success, and the innovation was soon adopted by chain stores. in recent decades supermarkets have added various nonfood lines to provide customers with one-stop shopping convenience and to improve overall gross margins.
Today stores using the supermarket method of retailing are dominant in grocery retailing. however, different names are used to distinguish these institutions ____(3)____:
A superstore is a larger version of the supermarket. it offers more grocery and nonfood items ____(4)____. many supermarket chains are emphasizing superstores in their new construction.
Combination stores are usually even larger than superstore. they, too, offer more groceries and nonfoods than a supermarket but also most product lines found in a large drugstore. some combination stores are joint ventures between supermarkets and drug chains such as kroger and sav-on.
For many years the supermarket has been under attack from numerous competitors. for example, a grocery shopper can choose among not only many brands of supermarkets but also various types of institutions (warehouse stores, gourmet shops, meat and fish markets, and convenience stores). supermarkets have reacted to competitive pressures ____(5)____: some cut costs and stressed low prices by offering more private brands and generic products and few customer services. others expanded their store size and assortments by adding more nonfood lines (especially products found in drugstores), groceries attuned to a particular market area (foods that appeal to a specific ethnic group, for example), and various service departments (including video rentals, restaurants, delicatessens, financial institutions, and pharmacies).
a by size and assortment
b than a conventional supermarket does
c including building materials, office products, and, of course, groceries
d attracting more customers with their low prices
e primarily in either of two ways
f to compete with grocery chains
keys: CFABE
职称英语考试《综合B》概括大意历年真题 3
The Story of Lani
Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning。“She’s very good about it ”says her father David.Lani is alive today because of her father David，in more than one way;when she was one year old she received part of her father’s liver in a liver—transplant operation.Lani was born with a liver illness . __________ (1) Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in which she would live.
The operation lasted 12 hours and needed two teams，one for the father and one for thedaughter __________ (2)In these cases，the donor’s liver grows to normal size in about eight weeks。and t11e child’s liver becomes smaller.
Lani spent three weeks in hospital after the operation.Because the receiver’s body tries to reject the new organ，the patient has to be given special drugs __________ (3)
Although David left hospital after 10 days，he didn’t return to work until after three months.In order to reach the liver, the doctors have to cut through the stomach wall，which is strong and full of muscle.It therefore takes a long time to recover after this operation. __________ (4)So far，only 16 of these liver—transplant operations have been carried out in Britain. __________ (5)Doctors say,“If possible，we prefer to take a liver from a dead don not, usually a parent.”
Lani still has to look after her health，and she gets more tired than other children of the same age，but doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger.
A She had one operation when she was six weeks old，which was not successful.
B While these drugs are given，it is important that the patient does not catch any illness，not even a cold.
C In this operation a piece of liver, weighing about 250--300 grams，was removed from the father and transplanted into the daughter.
D David quickly recovered from the operation.
E However, they are more common in North America and Japan.
F David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.
答案：1. A 2. C 3. B 4. F 5. E
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