职称英语考试理工A级模拟题(完形填空)
无论是身处学校还是步入社会，我们都不可避免地会接触到考试题，借助考试题可以为主办方提供考生某方面的知识或技能状况的信息。大家知道什么样的考试题才是规范的吗？下面是小编为大家整理的职称英语考试理工A级模拟题(完形填空)，希望能够帮助到大家。
职称英语考试理工A级模拟题(完形填空) 1
第6部分：完形填空(第51----65题，每题l分，共15分)
下面的短文有l5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定l个最佳选项。
"Liquefaction" Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage
The massive subduction zone (俯冲带) earthquake in Japan caused a significant level of soil"liquefaction" (液化设施) that has surprised researchers with its __________ (51) severity, a new analysis shows.
"Weve seen localized examples of soil liquefaction as extreme as this before, but the distance and __________ (52) of damage in Japan were unusually severe," said Scott Ashford, a professor of geotechnical engineering at Oregon State University. "Entire structures were tilted and sinking into the sediments (沉淀物) ," Ashford said. "The shifts in soil destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines, crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to __________ (53). We saw some places that sank as much as four feet."
Some degree of soil liquefaction is common in almost any major earthquake. Its a phenomenon in which soils soaked with water, particularly recent sediments or sand, can lose much of their __________ (54) and flow during an earthquake. This can allow structures to shift or sink or __________ (55).
But most earthquakes are much __________ (56) than the recent event in Japan, Ashford said. The length of the Japanese earthquake, as much as five minutes, may force researchers to reconsider the extent of liquefaction damage possibly occurring in situations such as this.
"With such a long-lasting earthquake, we saw __________ (57) structures that might have been okay after 30 seconds just continued to sink and tilt as the shaking continued for several more minutes," he said. "And it was clear that younger sediments, and especially areas built on __________ (58) filled ground, are much more vulnerable."
The data provided by analyzing the Japanese earthquake, researchers said, should make it possible to improve the understanding of this soil __________ (59) and better prepare for it in the future. Ashford said it was critical for the team to collect the information quickly, __________ (60) damage was removed in the recovery efforts.
"Theres no doubt that well learn things from what happened in Japanl0 thatl 1 will help us to reduce risks in other similar __________ (61)," Ashford said. "Future construction in some places may make more use of techniques known to reduce liquefaction, such as better compaction to make soils dense, or use of reinforcing stone columns."
Ashford pointed out that northern California have younger soils vulnerable to liquefaction—on the coast, near river deposits or in areas with filled ground. The "young" sediments, in geologic terms, may be those __________ (62) within the past 10,000 years or more. In Oregon, for instance, that describes much of downtown Portland, the Portland International Airport and other cities.
Anything __________ (63) a river and old flood plains is a suspect, and the Oregon Department of Transportation has already concluded that 1,100 bridges in the state are at risk from an earthquake. Fewer than 15 percent of them have been reinforced to __________ (64) collapse. Japan has suffered tremendous losses in the March 11 earthquake, but Japanese construction __________ (65) helped prevent many buildings from collapse- even as they tilted and sank into the ground.
51. A. internal
B. different
C. difficult
D. widespread
52. A. volume
B. length
C. extent
D. width
53. A. function
B. repair
C. build
D. remove
54. A. durability
B. strength
C. ability
D. property
55. A. ascend
B. compact
C. collapse
D. recover
56. A. shorter
B. longer
C. simpler
D. stranger
57. A. when
B. what
C. how
D. which
58. A. occasionally
B. frequently
C. specially
D. recently
59. A. development
B. phenomenon
C. formation
D. composition
60. A. unless
B. until
C. after
D. before
61. A. findings
B. locations
C. events
D. sources
62. A. delivered
B. deposited
C. destroyed
D. detached
63. A. near
B. from
C. inside
D. over
64. A. prevent
B. accelerate
C. predict
D. detect
65. A. styles
B. sites
C. costs
D. standards
答案与解析：
51.D。本题考查语义。前文说日本的俯冲带地震是massive(巨大的)，而且砂土液化到达一个significant level。根据上述描述，选widespread(分布广泛的)修饰severity是正确的。其他三个选项与severity搭配后，意思接不上。故选D。
52.C。本题考查近义词辨析。本句由but连接的两个分句组成：第一个分句说以前也发生过地震引发的砂土液化现象，但涉及范围较小;第二个分句通过but语气一转，说这次地震造成的破坏是罕见的。很显然，选extent(程度)与distance(距离，范围)来说明破坏的程度和范围是符合上下文的意思的。故选C。
53.A。本题考查语义。在“The shifts in soil destroyed water,sewer and gas pipelines，crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to…”中，“these communities need to…”是定语从句，指代utilities和infrastructure的关系代词which在定语从句中起宾语作用，被省略了。need后面的动词不定式的逻辑主语是which，也就是utilities and infrastructure。从意思上看，这些社区需要这些公用事业设备和基础设施起功能作用(function)。故选A。
54.B。本题考查近义词辨析。浸了水的砂土，特别是新近的沉积土、沙土等失去的不会是durability(耐用性)和ability(能力)，也不会是泛泛的property(性质)，而是strength(强度)。因此B是正确选项。
55.c。本题考查语义。浸了水的砂土强度降低或消失。砂土随水流动，就会引发建筑物移位(shift)或下沉(sink)。再发展下去，建筑物就会倒塌(collapse)。故选c。
56.A。本题考查语义。地震持续的时问一般为数十秒。这次日本地震的时间长达5分钟。所以本题要填入的词应该是shorter，说明大多数地震的持续时间比它短。故选A。
57.C。本题考查疑问副词的用法。从意思上看，选how是正确的。when structures，whatstructures或which structures意思明显不通。因此C是正确答案。
58.D。本题考查语义。第三段第二句出现“particularly recent sediment…”，recent sediment浸水后就失去了强度。这提示了本题要选recently，因为建立在新近填就的土壤上的建筑物是最易被破坏的。因此D是正确选项。
59.B。本题考查语义。分析日本大地震得出的数据不会令科学家获得有关soil development(土壤发展)、soil formation(土壤形成)及soil composition(土壤构成)这些方面的知识。若选phenomenon，意思就是科学家的研究分析有助于他们了解到土壤浸水后的这类现象，以便作好防备，对付未来可能发生的同类现象。上下文意思很连贯，故选B。
60.D。本题考查逻辑关系。选unless，until或after都不合逻辑。本题句子的意思是：重建工作首先要清理废墟，这样地震现场就被破坏了。所以科学家要赶在重建工作开始之前收集好地震资料。故选D。
61.C。本题考查语义。本句的意思是：科学家无疑会从日本大地震中学到不少东西，从而有助于降低今后发生类似的地震时的风险。四个选项中只有events合适，similar events指的是“类似的地震事件”。若选findings(调查结果)、locations(地点)或sources(来源)，句子的意思就不对。因此C是正确选项。
62.B。本题考查形近词辨析。句中的those指代sediments，“young”sediments指那些年代少于或略超过一万年的sediments。deposit是“沉积”，与句子意思匹配，是答案。故选B。
63.A。本题考查介词。上一段说，younger soils是非常脆弱的。本句的anything指的是soils。哪些地方的`soils疑似高危对象呢?如果指soils from/inside/over river and old flood plains是不合常理的，正确的选择应该是near，靠近河流和原洪泛区的土壤才是危险地区。因此A是答案。
64.A。本题考查语义。加固危桥的目的是为了防止坍塌。因此选项prevent是答案。
65.D。本题考查语义。在3月11日的日本大地震中，震区的建筑物倾斜、下沉，但没有倒塌。建筑上的什么因素起到了防塌的作用呢?当然不会是construction styles(建筑风格)、construction sites(建筑工地)或construction facilities(建筑设备)。日本的construction standards(建筑标准)才是防塌的关键因素。故选D。
职称英语考试理工A级模拟题(完形填空) 2
While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to “self - medicate”（自我治疗） against the blues（忧郁）, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually_______depressive symptoms in some teens.
“This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived（感知到的）_______benefits of smoking among teens,” says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. “_______cigarettes may appear to have self - medicating_______or to improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms.”
As part of the study, some 662 high school students completed up to 20 questionnaires_______their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary analyses of the data found that students who reported emotional benefits from smoking were more likely to have an increase in depressive symptoms over time than those who did not,_______they had smoked at all.
“We found that teens who reported emotional benefits from smoking were more likely to have an increase in depressive symptoms over time than those who did not, regardless of whether they had smoked at all,” says co - author Jennifer O’Loughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. “Our study found that teen smoking may_______depressive symptoms, and that it is important to identify these emotional factors in teens who may be_______to start smoking.”
The_______reasons for a link between smoking and depression are not clear, but it may be that nicotine（尼古丁）, a substance found in cigarettes, can have a negative impact on_______, the researchers say. In addition, it is possible that teens who have a tendency to be depressed may be more likely to start smoking as a form of self - medication.
1、A. examine B. increase C. decrease D. diagnose
2、A. social B. financial C. emotional D. political
3、A. Whatever B. Although C. Whenever D. what
4、A. effects B. methods C. steps D. directions
5、A. beside B. beyond C. in D. about
6、A. no matter B. even if C. as though D. in case
7、A. predict B. delay C. relieve D. worsen
8、A. at risk B. in charge C. in need D. to blame
9、A. physical B. mental C. biological D. psychological
10、A. mood B. body C. behavior D. intelligence
二、答案与解析
答案：B
解析：根据文章的主题 “Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens”（吸烟会增加青少年的抑郁症状）可知，这里应该是吸烟实际上会 “增加” 一些青少年的抑郁症状，所以选 increase。examine（检查）、decrease（减少）和 diagnose（诊断）都不符合文意。
答案：C
解析：从后文 “students who reported emotional benefits from smoking”（那些声称从吸烟中获得情绪益处的学生）可以推断出，这里是研究青少年吸烟在感知到的 “情绪” 益处，所以选 emotional。social（社会的）、financial（经济的`）和 political（政治的）不符合语境。
答案：B
解析：这里需要一个引导让步状语从句的连词，意思是 “虽然”，表示前后的对比关系，即 “虽然香烟可能看起来有自我治疗的效果或者能改善情绪，但是从长远来看……”，所以选 Although。Whatever（无论什么）、Whenever（无论何时）和 what（什么）都不符合此处的语法和语义要求。
答案：A
解析：根据语境，这里是说香烟似乎有自我治疗的 “效果”，effects（效果、作用）符合语义。methods（方法）、steps（步骤）和 directions（方向、指示）不符合语境。
答案：D
解析：questionnaires（问卷）是关于（about）他们使用香烟对情绪的影响，所以选 about。beside（在…… 旁边）、beyond（超过、在…… 之外）和 in（在…… 里面）都不符合此处语义。
答案：A
解析：“no matter + 疑问词” 引导让步状语从句，表示 “无论……”，这里是说 “无论他们是否吸烟”，符合语义。even if（即使）、as though（好像）和 in case（万一）不符合此处语境。
答案：D
解析：根据前文 “teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms”（开始吸烟的青少年报告有更严重的抑郁症状）可知，吸烟会 “恶化” 抑郁症状，所以选 worsen。predict（预测）、delay（推迟）和 relieve（缓解）与文意不符。
答案：A
解析：“at risk” 意思是 “处于危险中”，这里是说识别那些可能有开始吸烟 “风险” 的青少年的情绪因素很重要，所以选 at risk。in charge（负责）、in need（需要）和 to blame（该受责备）不符合语境。
答案：C
解析：从后文 “but it may be that nicotine（尼古丁）, a substance found in cigarettes”（但可能是香烟中的尼古丁）可知，这里是在说吸烟和抑郁之间联系的 “生理” 原因，所以选 biological。physical（身体的、物理的）、mental（精神的）和 psychological（心理的）都不如 biological 准确地表达与生理物质尼古丁相关的意思。
答案：A
解析：根据前文 “to affect mood”（影响情绪）以及尼古丁对情绪方面的影响可知，这里应该是说尼古丁会对 “情绪” 有负面影响，所以选 mood。body（身体）、behavior（行为）和 intelligence（智力）不符合语境。
【职称英语考试理工A级模拟题(完形填空)】相关文章：
职称英语考试理工完形填空练习201708-18
职称英语考试完形填空真题(理工C)12-03
职称英语考试完形填空模拟试题《理工C》10-24
最新职称英语考试理工B完形填空试题08-19
2018职称英语考试理工试题完形填空训练07-20
职称英语考试理工完形填空练习题05-02
职称英语考试理工类完形填空习题11-20