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2017职称英语《综合A》完形填空试题及答案
完形填空题
part A
The Greatest Mystery of Whales
The whale is a mammal (哺乳动物) --warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them--and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many signs of this.
__________ (1) front flippers (鳍肢), used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.
Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale's pulling __________ (2) has been estimated at 400 horsepower. One specimen was reposed to have __________ (3) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the __________ (4) of eight knots.
An enraged whale will attack a ship. A famous__________(5) of this was the fate of whaler Essex, which was sunk__________(6) the coast of South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled (扭曲变形) in the same way. Sperm whales were known to__________(7) the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.
The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale can __________(8) the bosom for his favorite food, the octopus (章鱼). __________(9) that search he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds to the square inch. Doing__________(10) he will remain submerged (水下的 ) as long as one hour. Two feats (绝技) are involved in this: storing up enough __________ (11) (all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. Just__________(12) he does it scientists have not determined. It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And__________ (13) is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But __________(14) you can't bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one __________(15) just how these things work.
1.A. Their
B. It's
C. Theirs
D. Its
2.A. strength
B. width
C. height
D. length
3.A. eaten
B. crashed
C. towed (拖)
D. lifted
4.A. distance
B. rate
C. voyage
D. sail
5.A. picture
B. film
C. example
D. book
6.A. offB. of C. aboveD. over
7.A. hit
B. seize
C. damage
D. kick
8.A. fly to
B. jump on
C. dive to
D. crawl on
9.A. In
B. On
C. By
D. At
10. A. so
B. such
C. above
D. the same
11. A. water
B. oxygen
C. energy
D. heat
12. A. what
B. who
C. how
D. which
13. A. it
B. he
C. she
D. there
14. A. because of
B. due to
C. since
D. owing to
15. A. communicates
B. knows
C. hears
D. develops
part B
Something Men Do Not Like to Do
Eric Brown hates shopping. "It's just not enjoyable to me," said the 28-year-old Chicago man who was carrying several shopping bags along the city's main street, Michigan Avenue. "When I'm out__________(1), I basically know what I want to get. I rush in. I buy it. I __________ (2). "
Common wisdom says that guys hate to Shop. You can ask generations of men. But people who study shopping say that a number of social, cultural and economic factors are now__________(3) this "men-hate-to-shop" notion.
" __________ (4) social class, ethnicity, age, men say they hate to shop," says Sharon Zukin, a City University of New York sociology professor. "Yet when you ask them deeper questions, it turns out that they __________ (5) to shop. Men generally like to shop for __________ .(6), music and hardware. But if you ask them about the shopping they do for books or music, they'll say "Well, that's not shopping. That's __________ (7)."
In other words, what men and women call "buying things" and how they approach that task are __________ (8).
Women will__________(9) through several 1,000-square-metre stores in search of the perfect party dress. Men will wander through 100 Intemet sites in search of the__________(10)digital camcorder.
Women see shopping as a social event. Men see it as a mission or a__________(11) to be won.
"Men are frequently shopping to win," says Mary Ann McGrath, a marketing professor at Loyola University of Chicago. "They want to get the best deal. They want to get the best one. The last one and if they do that it__________(12) them happy."
When women shop, "they're doing it in a way where they want__________(13) to be very happy," says McGrath. "They're kind of shopping for love."
In fact, it is in clothing where we see a male-female__________(14) most clearly. Why,grumble some men, are all male clothes navy, grey, black or brown? But would they wear Light green and pink?
These days, many guys wear a sort of "uniform", says Paco Underhill, author of "Why We Buy", "It's been hard for them to understand what it means to be fashion-conscious in a business way. It becomes much, much easier if you (15) your range of choices."
1.A. playing
B. fishing
C. shopping
D. traveling
2.A. get out
B. stay in
C. look round
D. move about
3.A. confirming
B. challenging
C. proving
D. supporting
4.A. Regardless of
B. Because of
C. Owing to
D. Thanks to
5.A. want
B. like
C. hate
D. hope
6.A. coats
B. pants
C. socks
D. books
7.A. relaxation
B. rest
C. exercise
D. research
8.A. similar
B. inclusive
C. contradictory
D. different
9.A. wander
B. go
C. walk D. run
10. A. cheap
B. fashionable
C. presentable
D. perfect
11. A. task
B. play
C. game
D. destination
12. A. brings
B. causes
C. makes
D. keeps
13. A. everybody
B. nobody
C. anybody
D. no one
14. A. competition
B. comparison
C. division
D. confrontation
15. A. broaden
B. expand
C. extend
D. narrow
part C
Racial Prejudice
In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences, and this is not even questioned. There are countries __________ (1) the white man imposes his rule by brute (粗暴的) force, there are countries where the black man protests by. __________(2) fire to cities and by looting and pillaging ( 抢劫 ). Important people on both sides, who would appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in __________(3) of violence as if it were a legitimate (合法的) solution,__________ (4) any other. What is really frightening, what really __________(5) you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch (关键时刻) , we have made no actual__________ (6) at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded__________(7) of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that __________(8) never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the blood and the suffering__________ (9) nothing. No solution ever comes to __________(10) the morning after when we dismally (阴郁地) contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.
The truly reasonable men who__________ (11) where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted__________ (12) their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into __________(13) acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at __________ (14) up the slums and ghettos (贫民窟) , improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would not have gone a long way to __________(15) at a solution.
1. A. when
B. why
C. where
D. what
2. A. catching
B. setting
C. fighting
D. returning
3. A. memory
B. spite
C. favor
D. need
4. A. through
B. as
C. to
D. like
5. A. puts
B. forces
C. sets
D. fills
6. A. decision
B. point
C. sense
D. progress
7. A. system
B. range
C. history
D. business
8. A. argument
B. talk
C. violence
D. research
9. A. mean
B. have
C. want
D. deal
10. A. end
B. light
C. mind
D. life
11. A. consider
B. know
C. suggest
D. demand
12. A. for
B. with
C. by
D. of
13. A. lawful
B. violent
C. symbolic
D. final
14. A. cleaning
B. looking
C. taking
D. getting
15. A. arriving
B. meeting
C. laughing
D. starting
答案与解析
part A
1.D。从上下文语境看，这里要填入的只是一个物主代词，即指出是谁的front flippers。前面在谈whale时用的是单数，所以这里要用单数的代词its。
2.A。本句是说，鲸鱼的力气之大，蓝鲸的拉力估计可达400马力。除了strength，其他三个选项和力气无关，分别是宽度、高度和长度。
3.c。本句是说，蓝鲸的巨大拉力表现在它能拉得动一艘捕鲸船，所以这里需要填入一个表示“拉”或“拖”的动词。
4.B。本句是说，蓝鲸能以什么速度来拖这条捕鲸船。在四个选项中只有rate的意思是“速度”，和speed同义。
5.C。本句是说，发怒的鲸鱼会对船发动攻击。下面举例说明，所以选example。
6.A。表示在离开海岸不远处用介词off。
7.B。从上下文语境看，in their iaws这个短语决定了这里只可能用seize这个动词。鲸鱼把古代的捕鲸船咬在嘴里，然后把它咬碎。
8.c。从上下文语境看，这里在讲鲸鱼潜水的本领，所以选c。其他选项fly(飞)，iump(跳)，crawl(爬)，这三个动作都不是鲸鱼能做的。
9.A。这里考查习惯搭配，search前面的介词用in。inthat search意为“在这一搜寻过程中”。
10.A。so用来代替前面所说过的一个动作。这里它指的是sperm whale为了觅食潜至海底3200英尺处。
11.B。store up的意思是“储存”。从上下文语境看，由于鲸鱼要在深海中停留一小时，它当然要有储存氧气的本领，所以这里要填入的是oxygen。
12.c。本句是说，科学家只知道鲸鱼有储存氧气和抵御压力的绝技，但它究竟是怎么做到这一点的，他们却还不知道。注意这个句子里的宾语从句被移到前面来了。正常的语序是：Scientists have not determined how he does it.
13.A。这里用的是it is believed that…句型。it是形式主语，指代后面的that从句。这个that从句是一个主语从句。
14.C。这里缺少的显然是一个连接词，因为后面是一个从句而不是短语。在四个选项中只有since是连接词，另外三个选项都是复合介词，后面都跟名词，不能跟一个句子。
15.B。从上下文语境看，既然你无法把一条活的鲸鱼搬到实验室里来研究，自然没有人知道这到底是怎么一回事。根据意思可知此处选knows。
part B
1.C。第一段第一个句子是主题句，说的是：Eric Brown讨厌买东西。因此shoppin9是合适的选择。
2.A。语境是这样的：当我出去买东西时，我基本上已经知道我要买什么了。我会冲进去，买了后__________。显然，填入get out(出去)是连贯的。stay in是“在家里待着”，look round是“环顾”，move about是“闲荡”，不难看出，这些都不是合适的选择。
3.B。第二段的第一个句子说的是：一般认为，男人讨厌买东西。第三段第四句的起始词是“But”，它告诉我们意思将发生转折，因而challengin9是合适的选择。confirming是“确认”的意思，proving是“证明”，supportin9是“支持”。
4.A。第三段的第一个句子引自纽约城市大学社会学教授Sharon Zukin的话，大意是：__________在社会阶层、种族特点以及年龄上是有差异的，男人都说他们讨厌买东西。可以看出，合适的选择是Regardless of(不管)，“Because of”“0wingto”“Thanks to”都表示“由于”，插入后意思上是不连贯的。
5.B。紧接着第三段第一个句子的后一个句子由Yet起始，这个词提示我们由它引导的句子在意思上跟上一个句子构成对比。由于上一个句子说的是“男人们讨厌买东西”，那么这个句子应当说的是男人们实际上是喜欢买东西的。因此，like是合适的选择。
6.D。从下文的music(音乐)，hardware(硬件)判断，coats(外套)，pants(裤子)，socks(袜子)都不是合适的选择，因为它们都不能与music和hardware构成一个比较自然的类别，所以唯有books是合适的选择。另外，紧随其后的一句话中也出现了books这个词，这是提示。
7.D。该题问的是：男人们不把买书和音乐制品看作是购物，那么他们把它看作是什么呢?从下面的三段提供的信息来看，research(研究)比relaxation(放松)，rest(休息)，exercise(锻炼)更合适一点。
8.D。本空所在的句子实际上是对前面文章的总结。所以合适的选择是different。similar(相似的)、contradictory(矛盾的)和inclusive(兼容的)都不构成答案。
9.A。买东西是需要来回看的，这是常识。另外，紧随其后的句子中也用了wander(漫游)这个词。
10.D。上文中出现了perfect(完美的)。注意：文章始终在把男人与女人做比较。因此此处也应用perfect。
11.D。注意紧随其后的动词不定式to be won(赢得)，此处只能是game(游戏)。
12.C。这个句子要表达的是：这会使得他们快乐。makes是正确的。如果用brings，需改原文：it brings them happiness或it brings happiness to them;如果用causes，也需改原文：it causes them to become happy;it keeps them happy是可以的，但它的意思是他们原来就快乐，但是是否事实如此?文章没有说。
13.A。nobody，no one和anybody用于否定意义。但该句提供的不是一种否定的语境，因此，正确的选择是everybody。
14.C。至此文章都是在说男女之间的差别，因而division是理想的选择。整个句子说的是：事实上，在服装方面最能清楚地把男女区分开来。competition是“竞争”，comparison是“比较”，confrontation是“对抗”。
15.D。对许多男人来说，选择的范围越窄，买衣服越方便。因此narrow(窄)是合适的选择。
part C
1.C。这里考查的是定语从句，具体参见“备考助手”。从原句看，名词countries后跟了一个从句，这就是定语从句，根据定语从句的还原法，country在从句中做状语，所以用
where来引导。
2.B。这里考查的是固定短语set fire to(放火，点燃)。
3.C。这里考查的是固定短语in favor of意为“支持，赞同”， in memory of意为“纪念”，in spite of意为“尽管”， inneedof意为“需要”。从上下文的语境来看，那些矛盾双方的要人看似都很明事理，却__________暴力手段，仿佛它是合法的解决措施。in favor of贴合语境。
4.D。从上下文语境来看，like(像)贴合语境。
5.D。这里考查的是固定搭配fillAwith B(用B塞满A，A充满了B)。
6.D。从上下文语境来看，尽管矛盾双方的要人都支持暴力手段，但是真正让我害怕和失望的是我们意识到在关键时刻，我们使用暴力实际上没有任何的__________。四个选项decision(决定)，point(点，意义)，sense(感觉，意义)，progress(进展，进步)分别代入，可知progress符合语境。
7.C。从上下文语境来看，人类整个有记录的__________表明那些无休止的暴力没有教给我们任何东西。四个选项system(体制，系统)，range(范围)，history(历史)，business(生意，事务，公司)分别代入，history符合语境。
8.C。从上下文语境来看，我们还不明白__________不能解决任何问题，只会让问题更尖锐。全文在讲violence，所以答案为C。
9.A。从上下文语境来看，我们还不明白暴力不能解决任何问题，只会让问题更尖锐。恐惧、流血和灾难毫无意义。四个选项中，mean符合语境。
10.B。从上下文语境来看，没有什么解决措施能__________早晨，在我们阴郁地沉思于战争的硝烟以及追问到底什么打击了我们的时候。这里用的是比喻的手法，lightthemornin9本意为“点亮清晨”，实际是指给冲突带来光明，所以正确答案为B。
11.B。从上下文的语境来看，那些真正__________解决措施在哪里的人发现很难让人听他们的意见。四个选项中只有know(知道)最符合语境。
12.C。这里是考查被动语态，所以选择by。
13.B。从上下文的语境来看，如果把用于.行动的一半的力气用于好的方面，如果我们努力去贫民窟，努力改善生活条件，努力给所有人提供良好的教育和就业，我们将不用走弯路来__________解决措施。显然是指把那些投入暴力行动的力气用在好的方面，所以答案为B。
14.A。语境同上。选项clear up意为“清理，整理”，look up意为“仰望，查阅”，take up意为“从事，占据”;9et up意为“起床”。clear up贴合语境。
15.A。语境同上。只有arrive和laugh搭配at，arrive at意为“达到，到达”，laugh at意为“嘲笑”，显然正确答案为A。
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