2015年职称英语考试真题（卫生类）
单项选择题
1、 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.
A.making
B.taking
C.discussing
D.expecting
2、回答题。
Stanford University
1. Stanford University, famous as one of northern California's several institutions of higher learning, is sometimes called "the Harvard of the West." The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco, a city thirty-two miles to the north, gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan ( 世界性的 ) flavor.
2. The students are enrolled mainly from the western United States. But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain high Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes.
3. Not only because of the high caliber ( 素质 ) of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate, Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the world's most respected scholars. The university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as Dr. Felix Bloch, Dr. Robert Hofstadter, and Dr. William Shockley in physics; Dr. Author Kornberg and Dr. Joshua Lederberg in medicine; and Dr. Paul J. Flory and Dr. Linus Panling in chemistry. The Russian novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence. Stanford's undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate .schools of business, law, and medicine are especially well-regarded.
4. What is student life like on "The Farm" ? Culturally, the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. Plays, concerts, and operas are performed in the university's several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held. Several film series are presented during the school year. Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus. In the evenings, many students gather to socialize in the Student Union's coffee house ; here the beverages ( 饮料) and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor. For the sports-minded, the Stanford campus offers highly developed athletic facilities. Team spots, swimming, and track and field activity are all very much part of the Stanford picture. So are bicycling and jogging.
5. In addition to financial support from alumni ( 校友 ) , Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic ( 慈善的' ) foundations. In recent years, government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education, and atomic energy. At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program, financed in part by Stanford Foundation's 25 million grant. Recently added to the campus are a new physics building, new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union, and undergraduate library.
Paragraph 2__________
A.Colorful Life on Campus
B.Intelligent Student Body
C.School Administration
D.Distinguished Faculty
E.Substantial Financial Support
F.The Harvard of the West
3、 He must not allow this unusual barrier to stop him from fighting against the enemy.
A.interior
B.obstacle
C.interruption
D.interference
4、回答题。
The Importance of Good Writing
Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. 46 Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose --school work, matters of business, or purely social communication. 47 There are still some remote places in the world where you might find someone to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a few mangers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from. 48 We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put to the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous. 49 We want to arouse and hold the interest of readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not thrown into some "letters-to-be-read" file or into a wastepaper basket. 50
A. But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.
B. However, the managers may sometimes cause the writers a lot of trouble.
C. Any good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown ( 成熟的 ) .
D. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read.
E. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.
F. You may be sure that the greater the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.
请回答(46)__________
5、回答题。
How to Do Well in Exams
Do not underestimate ( 低估 ) the power of revision in the days and hours before an examination. The closer you are to the exam, the more chance you have of storing and retaining crucial information. But do not overdo it. 46 An effective daily routine can help you through an exam period, so in the days leading up to your first exam, get into the habit of being up and ready to work by game. It can be a shock to the system after months of working to your own timetable to be mentally alert at that time if you have not prepared for it.
On the day of the exam, have a good breakfast, pack two of everything you need ( pens, pencils, erasers, etc. ) , then make your way to the examination hall in good time. 47
Once in your seat, simply pause for a few seconds and collect your thoughts. Close your eyes and take in a few slow, deep breaths to help you relax. When you turn over the test paper, spend a short period reading through all the instructions and questions, paying particular attention to key verbs such as "discuss" ,
"compare" and "evaluate" 48 It is always wise to allow 10 minutes at the end of the exam to give yourself time to go back over your answers. Once you have selected the questions you wish to tackle, begin by attempting the one you think is your strongest. It will give you more confidence when you see a well-answered question down on paper. Also remember to write clearly, and do not be afraid to express the unexpected : after all, examiners call get very bored marking stereotypical ( 千篇一律的 ) answers.
49 If you do need something else to focus on to help you collect your thoughts, choose a fixture ( 固定设施 ) in the room, such as the ceiling--or anything else that will not allow you to be distracted.
Finally, once you have finished, never hang around outside afterwards to attend the discussion by other students.50
A. Do not arrive too early, though, as other people's anxiety can be contagious (传染性的) , and you may suffer from undue panic.
B. Try not to be tempted to look at those around you, or at the clock.
C. When you get home, read the examination paper through and look up all the words you didn't understand.
D. Sleep, exercise and relaxation are all just as important.
E. Map out a quick plan of points you wish to make and how much time you should spend on each question.
F. Go and have a well-earned rest-then prepare for your next exam.
请回答(46)题__________
6、 Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 years ago.
A.hard to invent
B.hard to understand
C.hard to imagine
D.hard to believe
7、 It is not clear whether the increase in reports is stemmed from greater human activity or is simply the result of more surveys.
A.flows
B.comes
C.derives
D.originates
8、回答题。
Aromatherapy( 芳香疗法 )
1. Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine which is based on the use of very concentrated "essential" oils from the flowers, leaves, bark, branches or roots of plants which are considered to have healing properties. In aromatherapy these powerful oils are mixed with other oils, such as almond( 杏仁 )oil, or they are diluted( 稀释 )with water. These solutions(溶液剂 )can be rubbed on the skin, sprayed in the air, or applies as a compress( 敷药).
2. Many people have aromatherapy massages( 按摩 ), and depending on the treatment a person is having the aroma therapist will massage the oil into the hands or shoulders. The massage is smooth and flowing, as it is designed to create a sense of relaxation and calm. The sessions are tailored to the individual's health and mood at the time, so every session is unique.
3. Practitioners of aromatherapy believe that the aroma of the "essential" oils directly stimulates the brain or that the oils are absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream where they can affect the whole body and promote healing. Other clams in support of aromatherapy are that it aids digestion improves the functioning of respiratory system, reduces muscular aches and pains, and promotes muscle relaxation and tone. It has also been argued that aromatherapy can improve circulation, lower blood pressure, and help combat insomnia( 失眠 ) and other stress-related disorders such as tension headaches, anxiety, and mild depression.
4. However, while aromatherapy may have real effects that promote a sense of well-being, some traditional medicine practitioners remain doubtful about its powers. While research has confirmed that aromatherapy does have some positive short-term effects on most people, it also suggests that aromatherapy is not an actual science or medicine that should be used to treat illness. Furthermore, not all aromatherapy is considered beneficial to health. There are precautions which should be taken before having aromatherapy because some oils can have negative effects on people with certain medical conditions. The study of aromatherapy is relatively new and unexplored. More research needs to be conducted to make scientific conclusions about its use and effects.
Paragraph 1__________
A.Current research into aromatherapy
B.Aromatherapy and conventional medicine
C.Different views about aromatherapy
D.Introduction to aromatherapy
E.Doubts about the benefits aromatherapy
F.Personalized aromatherapy massage
9、回答题。
"Feed Me Better"
When British TV chef Jamie Oliver launched his "Feed Me Better" campaign in 2004 in schools in the Greenwich area of London with the aim of improving the diet of British schoolchildren, some people were skeptical about the impact it would have. Oliver's highly-publicized television campaign to improve school lunches led to dramatic changes in the meals offered to pupils in the Greenwich schools. In order to achieve his aim Oliver needed to show schools how to swap(交换 )cheap processed meals, which were high in saturated fat( 饱和脂肪 ),salt, and sugar, for healthier options.
Now, research at the institute for Social and Economic Research(ISER)has shown that Oliver's experiment did not only help pupils eat more healthily, it also resulted in them performing better at school in English and Science and in helping schools reduce their rates of absenteeism( 缺勤 ). The ISER study, carried out by Michele Belont and Jonathan James, showed "substantial" positive effects, with the performance of 11-year-old pupils eating Oliver's meals improving by up to 8% in Science and by as much a 6% in English. In addition, the number of children having authorized absences for sickness since 2004 showed a 14% decrease.
The ISER study analyzed the academic test results of more than 13,000 children in Greenwich between 2002 and 2007 to evaluate the impact of Oliver's healthier meals on school performance. Pupils who sat exams in 2006-2007 had been on the new diet for at least 12 months, and the researchers found that the number of pupils reaching higher levels of achievement had clearly risen. The study also compared the results of the school in Greenwich with those of pupils of the same age in seven other London areas who did not eat the meals created by Oliver. The researchers were surprised by the speed of improvements in the Greenwich pupils.They could find no other explanation for the results except for the healthier and more nutritious meals created by Oliver.
Commenting on ISER's findings, Oliver said he felt the research proved that he was right in his decision to remove fatty processed food and replace it with nutrient-rich( 营养的 ) foods such as coconut( 椰子) ,fish, and broccoli( 花椰菜 ). He commented that "we could see that it made them calmer and therefore able to learn" .
The "Feed Me Better" campaign targeted a healthier diet at school children.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
10、 They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.
A.prove
B.discover
C.consider
D.imagine
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