2017年广西成人学位英语阅读理解试题练习及答案

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　　In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, radio stations are privately (私人地) owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? From advertisements. Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses.

　　Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of “keeping your name before the public”. And some people thought that advertising was “truth well told”. Now more and more people consider it in this way: Advertising is the paid, non-personal, and usually persuasive presentation of goods, services and ideas by some certain sponsors (赞助商) through various media.

　　First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors pay for the advertisements we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is non-personal. It is not face-to-face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in fact, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it asks people to do something. All advertisements try to make people believe that the product, idea, or service advertised can benefit them. Fourth, the sponsors of the advertisement must show their names. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a company, or a single person. Fifth, advertising reaches us through old and modern mass media. Included in the old media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Modern media include emails, matchbox covers, and boards on top of buildings.

　　1. The existence of the privately owned mass media depends on the support of________.

　　A. the government

　　B. their owners families

　　C. advertisements

　　D. the TV stations

　　2. The passage seems to say that different ideas of advertising are given due to ________.

　　A. the change of time

　　B. the subject of the advertisements

　　C. people’s age difference

　　D. people’s different opinions

　　3. Which of the following is considered modern mass media? ________.

　　A. Newspapers

　　B. Emails

　　C. Magazines

　　D. Films

　　4. According to the passage, which of the following statements about advertisements is NOT true?

　　A. The sponsors are always mentioned.

　　B. Advertising must be honest and humorous.

　　C. There is the description of things advertised.

　　D. Advertising is meant for large groups of people.

　　New York’s streets were covered by people dressed in elephant costumes (服装) and others waving anti-war posters with pictures of US President George W. Bush on them last week. But this was no carnival (狂欢节) — it was the Republican Party’s National Convention (共和党全国大会), which attracted thousands of protestors (抗议者). It was the largest protest ever at a US political convention, with at least 120,000 people marching through Manhattan on August 29. They demanded that the US leave Iraq and a new president be chosen.

　　The Republicans say the opposition — Democrat Party (民主党) encouraged the people on to the streets. They believe it is a Democratic move to help win presidential election, to be held on November 2. The election is described as "the decisive battle between donkey and elephant". The two animals are the symbols of the two major political parties in the US. The elephant represents (象征) the Republicans, whose candidate (候选人), President George W. Bush, is trying to defeat the donkey to win his second term. The donkey represents the Democrats, whose candidate, John Kerry, is trying to kick the elephant out of the White House.

　　Republicans think the elephant is powerful and clever, but the Democrats argue it is stupid and conservative (守旧的). In return, the Republicans regard the donkey as stubborn (倔强的) and silly but the Democrats say it is humble, plain, smart and courageous.

　　The Republicans have been sending emails to Bush supporters and journalists with the header, "An Elephant Never Forgets", said party spokeswoman Heather Layman. Elephants are known for their long memories. The emails suggest that Bush will keep his promises, while Kerry will not stick to his words.

　　It is interesting that both symbols were created by a single person, Thomas Nast, a famous political cartoonist of the late 19th century. During the election in 1874, Nast drew a cartoon, in which a donkey in a lion’s skin frightened an elephant marked "Republican".

　　5. In the passage, the donkey stands for _______ .

　　A. the White House

　　B. the Republicans

　　C. the Democrats

　　D. John Kerry

　　6. What does "kick the elephant out of the White House" mean?

　　A. Drive the animal out of the White House.

　　B. Drive President Bush out of power.

　　C. Keep the elephant out of the White House.

　　D. Insist on Bush’s being elected.

　　7. In the eyes of the Republicans, the donkey is considered as _______ .

　　A. clever