英语写作基础方法附有练习

　　基础是指建筑物地面以下的承重结构，如基坑、承台、框架柱、地梁等。是建筑物的墙或柱子在地下的扩大部分，其作用是承受建筑物上部结构传下来的荷载，并把它们连同自重一起传给地基。以下是小编为大家整理的英语写作基础方法附有练习，仅供参考，希望能够帮助大家。

英语写作基础方法附有练习

　　英语写作基础方法附有练习1

　　在这个辅导中，我们要为同学们提供两种学习方式练习用英语写短文。第一种方式是中国式的“描红模子”方法，另一种是“美式写作训练法”。

　　我们曾说过，“冰冻三尺，非一日之寒”，用英语写作，是积英语语言学习各项技能为一体的学习过程，需要长期不懈的练习，才能获取基本的写作技能。

　　希望同学们看完下面的练习方式后，能提出您的建议，说说喜欢采用什么样的学习方式?我们尽量按照同学们的要求，为你们安排相应的练习内容。

　　二、美式写作训练法

　　首先，你的短文题目是“吸烟有害健康吗?”拿到题目首先要审题。题目是一个问题，要求你回答吸烟是否有害。无论你回答吸烟有害还是无害，都要求你举例说明，最后还要有结论，这就是我们现在用的文字主教材《英语写作基础教程》文字教材中的主要教学内容：说明文写作中的例证说明文，要求用例子来说明你的观点。

　　好，我们下面开始“吸烟有害健康吗?”的写作练习。

　　首先，自问几个问题：

　　1. 是否会用引文?

　　2. 是否会用实例和统计数据来支持你的论点?

　　3. 是否有亲身经历?

　　4. 是否会用说服性段落?

　　5. 是否会用正确的语态?

　　6. 是否会用条件句?

　　7. 是否善于参加小组讨论?

　　接下来，我们看看回答：

　　1. 是否会用引文?

　　让我们看一段学生的文字，看看他是怎么表达的：

　　Smoking is really harmful to both smokers and to the people around them. Smoking can destroy a smoker’s health since the smoke contains more than 4,000 chemicals.(Slothower) Smoking causes many serious disease. Since smoking “reduces the effectiveness of the immune system,” smokers frequently are ill (Health Edco). In addition to destroying a smoker’s health, secondhand smoke can damage other people’s health, especially children’s one report stated that over 15% of children’s visits to a doctor and 20% of children’s lung infections(感染) were caused by secondhand smoke (California EPA). Secondhand smoke can even cause cavities(腔) in children since “saliva(唾液) can counteract the lactic(乳汁) acid, but passive smoking also causes throat inflammation(炎症), which leads to mouth breathing, which dries out the mouth” (Kid’s Cavities). Smokers should think of themselves and others and stop smoking now.

　　注意, 用了参考文献，要会正确的标出参考文献的出处：

　　Slothower, L., “50 Things You should Know About Tobacco.”Santa Cruz, CA: Journeyworks, 1999, Revised 2002:n.pag.

　　Health Edco 2000 WRS Group Ltd. Once You know the Facts About Smoking, n.pag.

　　California EPA. Final Report: Health Effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke, September 1997: n. pag.

　　“Kids’ Cavities Linked to Secondhand Smoke.” Washington Post, March 12, 2003:p. A8

　　请同学们认真讨论讨论，这个参考文献列出了不同形式载体的标注方法，既有论文集式的，也有报纸和期刊类型的。看看这些不同载体的参考信息是怎么罗列的。注意这是国际通用的参考文献写法，同学们一定要按照这些文献的写法，训练自己的参考文献基本功，不鼓励同学们自己创新哦!

　　2. 是否会用实例和统计数据来支持你的论点?

　　(数据表略)

　　一些数据：

　　“Two of the major health effects of cigarette smoking are emphysema and cancer. Emphysema destroys the lung’s ability to expand and contract …[In cancer], damaged cells reproduce rapidly forming clumps of cells called tumors. Tumors steal nutrition and energy from the rest of the body.”*

　　“Overall, nonsmoking wives of husbands who smoke have a 20% increased risk of lung cancer compared with women whose husbands don’t smoke. ”∨

　　“Cigarette smoke has more than 4,000 chemicals in it.” (P.1.)

　　“About 70% of people who smoke wish they could quit.” (p.3)

　　“Eighty percent of smokers started before they were 18 years old.”(P. 2)

　　……

　　参考文献(略)

　　问题(3)(4)(5)(6)的回答略。

　　附加：

　　英语写作练习题(一)

　　Emily将她的'烦恼写在了博客上并征求大家的建议。假如你是Chen Lin，请了解她的烦恼并写出你的建议，要求字数在60词以上，建议的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总字数。

　　建议应该包括：(1)孩子应尊重父母;(2)父母经验丰富;(3)父母的要求是对你的成长有好处的;(4)多同父母交流沟通。

　　Possible new words:respect v.&n.尊重;responsible adj.有责任感的;demand v.&n.要求

　　Here are Emily's problems on the Blog:

　　My problem is my parents. They never stop going on about(唠叨)how I should keep my room clean, keep my hair tidy and wear smart clothes. They even make me do the washing-up after dinner every night! None of my friends have got such terrible parents. What should I do?

　　Emily,

　　USA

　　英语写作练习题(二)

　　根据中文大意和英文提示词语，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于60词的短文。所给英文提示词语供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

　　某英文报纸就农民工子女(Migrent Workers'Children)话题征文，请你投稿。

　　假设农民工子女李明是你的同学，两年前他随父母来到北京上学。他遇到了很多困难，例如：学习成绩不好，同学不愿意与他同组学习，不愿意和他聊天等。为此，他很不开心。请你简单介绍李明的情况，谈谈你的看法以及该为他做些什么。

　　英文提示词语：a migrent workers' child, classmate, difficulties, grades/marks, same, a lot ……

　　范文：

　　One possible version:

　　Li Ming is a migrent workers’ child. He is one of my classmates. He came to school in Beijing with his parents two years ago. He met a lot of difficulties here, such as his grades are bad and some of his classmates won’t work in his group or have a talk with him. He is unhappy with that.

　　I don’t think they are right. Migrent workers have done a lot for us. They’ve cleaned our city and built roads and buildings for us. We shouldn’t look down upon their children.

　　I will regard him as one of my friends. I will not only help him with his study but also tell him how to get along with others. If he has time, I’d like to talk about everything with him and tell him to cheer up. (137 words)