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剑桥商务英语考试阅读真题详解
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剑桥商务英语考试阅读真题详解 1
In the last few years, managers throughout industry haveseen more changes than many of them could have expected tosee in their entire working lives having to communicateinformation which often leads to feelings of insecurity hasbecome a key activity. From being regarded as relativelyunimportant in many companies , management employeecommunication has become a central corporate need.
Concordia International provides a good example of acompany that has adjusted well to the changing needs for communication . since 1995 ,Concordia has been turned inside-out and upside-down, to ensure that it is a marketing –led,customer-responsive business, one that looks outwards at customers and competitors, ratherthan inwards at its own processes and the way things were done in the past. In the last eightyears, Concordia has reduced its workforce by more than 80.000 people - or 35% -on a voluntarybasis, with further downsizing anticipated.
From being an engineering company, Concordia is now remaking itself as a service company.The role of employee communication in such a context is to build people’s self-confidence, topersuade them that, although it is inevitable that the changes will go ahead, they also bring withthem new opportunities for employees. However, this is not an easy task. People tend to beskeptical of these claims and to feel that they are losing touch with the company they haveworked for over many years. This is understandable, since many of the old certainties are beingswept away , including the core activities of the company they work for. Above all , they have hadto face up to the fact that they no longer have a job for life.
Research indicates that people respond to this predicament in a variety of ways. The bulk ofemployees fall into two main categories in terms of their response to the new situation: on the onehand there are the “ pragmatists” and on the other “ the highly anxious” the former see their jobas a means to an end and have a relatively short-term perspective, with strong loyalty to their localterm , rather than the company as a whole . The second category, usually the majority, mayrespond to threatened changes with a feeling of having been let down, and even feel anger at thecompany for what they see as changing the terms of their employment.
The employee communication process needs to be capable of accurately directing itsmessages at a variety of employee groups and departments within the workforce . this is whymiddle managers and line managers are so key to communication. They are the people who knowabout the full rage of concerns among the workforce. The problem in the past was that this crucialarea was often the responsibility of a separate, relatively isolated unit. Concordia puts responsibilityfor communication firmly on line managers. All their research points to the same conclusion: peopleprefer to get their information face-to-face from their line managers. That is the key relationshipand where arguments and hearts and minds –are lost.
The general rule in company communication is to tell employees as much as you can as soonas you can. If you can’t provide details, then at least put the news in context and commit yourselfto providing greater detail when it becomes available another rule of company communication isthat there must be a fit between what the company is telling its employees and what it is telling itsshareholders.15 In the last eight years, Concordia has
A made over 80.000 employees reduncdant
B completed a period of downsizing
C reduced its workforce of 80.000 by 35%
D given 35% of departing employees voluntary redundancy
16 From Concordia’s point of view, the role of communication is to
A win employee support before going ahead with the changes
B change the company’s core activities.
C emphasise the positive aspects of the changes
D explain the need for the changes
17 what does research show about most employees’ response to change?
A they expect it to have a bad effect on the company
B they feel completely powerless
C they become less loyal
D they fell they have been treated unfairly
18 Concordia’s communication process mainly relies on
A printed communication
B departmental heads
C personal communication
D a separate, specialized unit
19 According to the writer, what is the guiding principle about giving information within anorganization?
A Never make promises about future developments
B Give people an overall view at the earliest possible stage
C always include plenty of hard information
D Hold back until all the details can be provided
20 which of the following would be the most suitable title for the article?
A employee attitudes to company communication
B making company communication more effective
C Researching company commmucation
D Making employees feel less powerless
文章取材自一本管理手册，说的是一个组织里的有效沟通问题。这套题目有些特别，不像之前的阅读的第三部分，六道题目分别依次对应文章的六个段落，这题的答案稍微分散了些。
15题，答案很明显，但是选项很有迷惑性。答案是第二段的最后一句：In the last eight years, Concordia has reduced its workforce by more than 80.000 people - or 35% -on a voluntary basis, with further downsizing anticipated.减少了80000员工(或者说减少了35%的员工)，预期还会减少更多。A选项是对的，made redundant是前面某套题目阅读的第五部分考过的词组;B不对，没有完成(completed)，因为预期还会裁减更多(with further downsizing anticipated);C也不对，迷惑性最大，reduced its workforce of 80.000，用了介词of，所以这句的意思是一共就80000员工，而实际情况是减少了80000员工;D不对，35%的员工被裁减，都是在自愿的基础上的，而不是离开的人中有35%是自愿的。
16题，问根据此人的观点，沟通的角色是什么。也就是问沟通的目的或者作用是什么。答案在第三段。沟通是为了帮助人树立自信，说服他们虽然要面临一些变化，但是同样也会拥有一些新的机会。说白了，就是鼓励这些被裁的人。答案选C，强调变化的积极方面。这里的positive aspects是对前面说的bring with them new opportunities的一个概括。(想起了电影《在云端》，up in the air，里面那个老男人的工作就是职业裁员专家，专门对被裁的人说些这样的话。)
17题，问调查显示大多数人对change的反应是什么。这题在答案中也很明显，但是选项很纠结。都有点似是而非。The second category, usually the majority, may respond to threatened changes with a feeling of having been let down.,and even feel anger at the company for what they see as changing the terms of their employment.大多数员工的反应就是很失望，甚至会很愤怒。个人觉得这题出的不够严谨，没有哪个选项能严格从原文中提炼出来。对比下D要好点，因为对公司失望和愤怒，就是觉得受到了不公正的待遇。此题有待高手补充更完美的理由。
18题，问沟通过程主要依赖于什么。答案是第五段的'这句：people prefer to get their information face-to-face from their line managers。喜欢面对面的从直属经理那里获取信息。所以选C，个人的交流。
19题，问组织内部提供信息的指导准则是什么。最后一段的第一句就是：The general rule in company communication is to tell employees as much as you can as soon as you can。尽可能的快，尽可能的多。不能提供细节的，至少给个大致的背景消息(put the news in context)。时机成熟了，再告知更多。选B：在可能的最早的阶段让人有个总体的印象。
20题，给文章选标题。这种题在BEC的阅读里还真不多见。选标题，就是要挑选文章的最主要意思，从整体上把握文章的main ideas。这篇文章通篇说的就是communication，前面介绍了沟通的背景：裁员;接着说了员工对裁员的反应;然后最后两段，一段说员工喜欢什么样的沟通方式，一段说沟通的原则是什么。综合起来，就是关于怎样进行有效沟通的问题。选B。A不对，片面了，只是文中某部分的内容，并且这部分内容是为后面做背景介绍，不是主要的;C不对，不是简单的research，research仅仅是介绍状况，文章还有关于实现措施的。
剑桥商务英语考试阅读真题详解 2
一、Part 1 - Multiple - choice（选择题）
阅读文章：
The growth of e - commerce has been a significant trend in recent years. Many businesses have recognized the potential of online sales platforms to reach a wider customer base. One of the main advantages of e - commerce is the ability to operate 24/7, allowing customers to make purchases at any time. This has led to increased competition among retailers, as consumers have more options and can easily compare prices. Another factor contributing to the growth of e - commerce is the convenience it offers. Customers can shop from the comfort of their own homes and have products delivered directly to them.
Questions（问题）：
1. What is one of the main benefits of e - commerce mentioned in the text?
A. It reduces the cost of production.
B. It enables businesses to close earlier.
C. It allows for continuous operation.
D. It limits the number of competitors.
Answer（答案）： C
Explanation（解析）： 文章提到电子商务的主要优势之一是能够“operate 24/7（全天候运营）”，这与选项C中的“allows for continuous operation（允许持续运营）”意思相符。A选项文中未提及降低生产成本；B选项与原文说的24/7运营相悖；D选项文中提到竞争加剧，而不是限制竞争对手数量。
2. According to the text, what has increased due to e - commerce?
A. The cost of delivery.
B. The level of competition.
C. The number of physical stores.
D. The difficulty of price comparison.
Answer（答案）： B
Explanation（解析）： 文中明确指出“This has led to increased competition among retailers（这导致零售商之间的`竞争加剧）”，所以答案是B。A选项文中未提及配送成本增加；C选项根据文意，电商发展会使实体店铺可能受到冲击，数量不一定增加；D选项与原文中消费者能轻易比较价格相反。
二、Part 2 - Matching（匹配题）
阅读五个人的工作相关描述：
Person A
I am responsible for handling customer complaints. I need to listen to the customers problems carefully and find solutions to make them satisfied. I also have to report the common issues to the management so that we can improve our products or services.
Person B
My job is to manage the companys inventory. I have to keep track of the stock levels, order new supplies when necessary, and make sure that the products are stored properly. I work closely with the sales department to ensure that we have enough stock to meet the demand.
Person C
I am in charge of marketing campaigns. I design and implement various promotional activities to increase brand awareness and product sales. I also analyze the market trends and customer behavior to come up with more effective marketing strategies.
Person D
My main task is to train new employees. I prepare training materials and conduct training sessions to help them understand the companys policies, procedures, and job requirements. I also evaluate their performance during and after the training.
Person E
I am a financial analyst. I analyze the companys financial data, prepare financial reports, and provide financial advice to the management. I also forecast the companys financial performance and help to make decisions about investment and budgeting.
匹配以下工作内容：
1. Monitoring stock and ordering supplies
2. Handling customer grievances and reporting
3. Training new hires
4. Conducting marketing promotions
5. Analyzing financial information
答案：
1 - Person B
2 - Person A
3 - Person D
4 - Person C
5 - Person E
解析：
Person B的描述中提到“manage the companys inventory（管理公司库存）”、“keep track of the stock levels, order new supplies（跟踪库存水平、订购新的物资）”，所以与“Monitoring stock and ordering supplies”匹配。
Person A主要负责“handling customer complaints（处理客户投诉）”和“report the common issues（报告常见问题）”，与“Handling customer grievances and reporting”相符。
Person D的重点是“train new employees（培训新员工）”，包括准备材料、开展培训和评估表现，符合“Training new hires”。
Person C是“in charge of marketing campaigns（负责营销活动）”，包括设计和实施促销活动等内容，与“Conducting marketing promotions”一致。
Person E是“financial analyst（财务分析师）”，工作涉及“analyze the companys financial data（分析公司财务数据）”等，和“Analyzing financial information”匹配。
三、Part 3 - Reading Comprehension（阅读理解）
阅读文章：
The impact of globalization on the business world is far - reaching. Companies are now operating in a global marketplace, which means they have access to a larger pool of resources and customers. However, globalization also brings challenges. For example, businesses need to comply with different laws and regulations in different countries. They also face cultural differences that can affect their marketing strategies and customer relationships.
One of the ways companies are dealing with globalization is through strategic partnerships. By partnering with local companies in foreign markets, they can gain a better understanding of the local culture and business environment. This can help them to adapt their products and services more effectively. Another approach is to invest in cross - cultural training for their employees. This enables the staff to communicate and work more efficiently with colleagues and customers from different cultures.
Questions：
1. What is an advantage of globalization for businesses according to the text?
A. Simplified legal requirements.
B. Reduced cultural differences.
C. A wider range of resources and customers.
D. Fewer marketing strategies to consider.
Answer： C
Explanation： 文章开头提到“Companies are now operating in a global marketplace, which means they have access to a larger pool of resources and customers.（公司现在在全球市场运营，这意味着它们能够利用更广泛的资源和客户群体）”，这明确说明了全球化对企业的一个优势是有更广泛的资源和客户，所以答案是C。A选项与文中提到要遵守不同国家法律规定相悖；B选项文中未提及全球化减少文化差异；D选项与原文提到要根据文化差异调整营销战略意思相反。
2. How are companies trying to address the challenges of globalization?
A. By avoiding foreign markets.
B. Through strategic partnerships and cross - cultural training.
C. By standardizing products and services globally.
D. Through reducing investment in overseas operations.
Answer： B
Explanation： 文中提到“One of the ways companies are dealing with globalization is through strategic partnerships.（公司应对全球化的方式之一是通过战略合作伙伴关系）”和“Another approach is to invest in cross - cultural training for their employees.（另一种方法是为员工进行跨文化培训投资）”，所以答案是B。A选项文中未提及避免国外市场；C选项文中没有说要在全球标准化产品和服务来应对全球化挑战；D选项减少海外业务投资也未在文中体现是应对全球化挑战的方式。
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