公共英语一级阅读文章《海水盐度》

　　公共英语一级的难度不大，但是阅读理解还是不少考生容易出错的。下面，小编为大家送上一篇公共英语一级阅读文章，欢迎阅读。

公共英语一级阅读文章《海水盐度》

　　The Salinity of Ocean Waters

　　If the salinity of ocean waters is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity.

　　One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation - conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner the salinity is increased, since the salts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind.

　　The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.

　　Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.

　　A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When sea water is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, sea water directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water. In the Weddell Sea Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portions of the oceans of the world.

　　海水盐度

　　如果我们分析海水的盐度，会发现地区间只有轻微的变化，然而有些小的变化是重要的。导致海洋的盐度变化的基本过程有三个，其中之一是通过蒸发的方式即把液态水转化为水蒸气来减少海洋中的.水分。这样由于盐留了下来，所以盐度增大。当然，如果这种方式走向极端，将会余下白色的盐晶体。与蒸发相反的是降水，如降雨，由此水被加入海中，海水被稀释，从而盐度降低。这种情形会发生在大量降雨的地区，或江河入海岸处。因此，盐度通过蒸发减少水分而上升或通过降水或径流增加淡水成分而下降。一般来说，在阳光很强烈的热带地区，海水的盐度略高于世界上其它没有热带那样多的蒸发的地区。同理，在江河稀释海水的海岸地带，海水盐度略低于其它海区。第三个可以变更盐度的过程与海洋中冰的形成和融化有关。海水冻结时，溶于其中的物质被留了下来。这样，在新形成的海水冰面的正下方的海水比在冰形成之前有更高的盐度。当然，当冰融化的时候，会降低周围水中的盐度。在南极洲边缘的威德尔海中，结冰过程增加低温海水的盐度，从而形成了浓度最大的海水。这些大密度的海水下沉，可以在世界海洋的深水域发现。

　　附：公共英语一级解题技巧

　　1.细节题

　　这种题目是针对文章的某些情节而设置的，以考查考生理解具体细节的能力。其所使用的句型和词语与原文相同或基本相同，因此在文中很容易找到答案。

　　2.是非题

　　这种题目是针对文中具体的某个句话而设置的，考查形式为：对所选的句子进行同义或反义的转换。对于此类题目只要考生理解所选的句子，一般都能选出正确的答案。

　　3.推理题

　　这种题目有一定的难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层的理解以后，才能得出答案。

　　4.释义题

　　此类题目并非单纯考查考生的词汇，而是考查考生根据上下文猜测单词词义及某个单词在具体语境中的具体含义。对于此类题目只要考生理解其所在句子所要表达的意思，就能很容易地推出该单词的含义。

　　5.主旨题

　　要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价等。体现形式通常为：文章的标题(ti-de)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)等。

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