全国公共英语等级考试pets4级阅读精选美文附解析
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part B
Read the following three texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A. , B.
[ C] or D.. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.
Text 1
A finding in recent years shows that men cannot manufacture blood as efficiently as women
can. This makes surgery riskier for men. Because they do not breathe as often as women, men also need more oxygen. But men breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk. They draw more of the air when it is polluted.
Men's bones are larger than women's and they are arranged somewhat differently. The feminine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone structure. A man has broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis, which makes him stride out with no waste motion. A woman's wider pelvis, designed for childbearing, forces her to put more movement into each step she takes with the result that she displays a bit of jiggle and sway as she walks.
If you think a man is brave because he can climb a ladder to clean out the roof gutters, don't forget it is easier for him than for a woman. The angle at which a woman's thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing difficult for her, no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tackling.
A man's skin is thicker than a woman's and not nearly as soft. This prevents the sun's radiation from getting through, which is why men wrinkle less than women do. Women have a thin by- er of fat just under the skin and there is a plus to this greater fat reserve. It acts as an invisible ful coat to keep a woman wanner in the winter. Women also stay cooler in summer. Because the far layer helps insulate them against heat. Men's fat is distributed differently. And they do not have that layer of it underneath their skin. In fact, they have considerably less fat than women and more lean mass. 41 percent of a man's body is muscle compared to thirty-five percent for women, which means that men have more muscle power. When we mention strength, almost 90 percent of a man's weight is strength compared to about 50 percent of a woman's weight.
The higher proportion of muscle to fat makes it easier for men to lose weight. Muscle burns up five more calories a pound than fat does just to maintain itself. So when a man wants to lose
weight, the pounds roll off much faster. For all men's muscularity they do not have the energy reserves women do. They have more start-up energy, but the fat tucked away in women's nooks and crannies provides a rich energy reserve that men lack.
Cardiologists at the University of Alabama who tested healthy women on treadmills discovered that over the years the female capacity for exercise far exceeds the male capacity. A woman of sixty who is in good health can exercise up to 90 percefit of what she could do when she was twenty.
A man of sixty has only 60 percent left of his capacity as a twenty-year-old.
36. That boys suffer mine from air pollution can possibly be justified by the fact that_________
A. the male have larger bones than the female
B.women can manufacture blood more efficiently than men
C. men usually breathe more deeply than women
D. women breathe as often as men
37. The different ways men and women move their body indicate that_________
A. bone structures in men and women are arranged differently
B. women's bones are more ready to movement
C. men always move their bodies with waste motions
D. women are good at climbing upwards
38. It can be concluded from the passage that
A. men suffer more from sun's radiation than women do
B.men will be more exhausted than women after a long trip
C. the higher proportion of fat in women's body makes them easier to lose weight
[ D] an aged man can still exercise his body as he was young
39. The best title for the above article is_________
A. Why Men Lack Capacity for Exercise over the Years
B.How Men's Bones Are Arranged Differently from Women' s
C. Studies on Differences and Similarities between Men and Women
D. Men and Women: Some Differences
40. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. More oxygen needs to be prepared when a man is having surgery.
[ B] Man's courage has nothing to do with male's body structure.
[ C] A woman usually stays cooler in summer and warmer in winter.
[ D] It is easier for a man to lose his weight.
Part B Text l
参考译文
近年来的一项发现表明男人造血的能力不如女人强。这使得外科手术对男人来说风险更大。另外由于他们呼吸的频率没有女性高，男人需要更多氧气。但男人的呼吸更深，这样他们又多了一样危险。空气被污染时他们会吸入更多的空气。
男人的骨骼比女人的大而且构造也不同。女人走路会招来很多口哨声是由于骨骼结构的原因。男人肩膀宽髋骨窄，这使他可以大步前进而没有多余的动作。女人的骨盆更宽是为了孕育后代，这迫使她每走一步都得做更大的动作，结果走路时就显得有点摇摇摆摆。
如果你觉得男人勇敢，因为他能爬上梯子清洁排水檐沟，那么不要忘了这活对男人来说比对女人要容易些。女人的大腿和膝盖相接的角度使得攀登对她来说很困难，不论是爬梯子，爬楼梯还是爬山。
男人的皮肤比女人的厚而且不如女人的皮肤柔软，这有效地阻止了阳光辐射穿过，这就是男人不像女人那样容易起皱纹的原因。女人有一层薄薄的皮下脂肪，比男人多的这一点脂肪贮存有它的用处。它无形中起着毛皮大衣的作用，使女人在冬天里感觉更加温暖。女人在夏天里也更凉爽。因为这层脂肪有助于隔绝热量。男人的脂肪分布不均匀。而且他们没有那层皮下脂肪。事实上，他们的脂肪比女人少得多，但肌肉比女人多。男人身体的41%是肌肉，相比之下女人只有35%的肌肉，这意味着男人有更大的力量。说到力量，几乎男人的体重的90%都有力量，而女人相应的比例是大约50%。
肌肉比脂肪的比例大使男人更容易减肥。为了维持自身能量，一磅肌肉比一磅脂肪多燃烧5个卡路里。所以当男人想要减肥时，他的体重下降得更快。尽管男人肌肉发达，他们缺少女人拥有的能量储备。他们的爆发力强，但是女人身体各处贮藏的脂肪可以提供丰富的能量储备，这是男人所不具备的。
阿拉巴马大学的`心脏病学家对从事繁重工作的健康妇女做了测试后发现随着时间流逝女性身体运动的能力远远优于男性。一个健康的60岁的妇女可以做的身体运动能达到她20岁时的90%，而一个60岁的男人的运动能力只是他20岁时的60%。.
答案及解析
36.C【解析】从文章第一段最后两句But men breathe more deeply andthis exposes them to another risk.They draw more of the air when it is polluted。
37.A【解析】文章第二段开头：Men’s bones are larger than women，s andthey are arranged somewhat differently.然后下面列举了男人和女人各自移动身体的不同，归根到底是因为他们骨骼构造的不同。
38. B【解析】从文章可得出结论：选项A：男人受阳光辐射的损害比女人更多。这显然是错的，恰恰相反。选项8：长途旅行后男人比女人更容易疲劳，因为男人的肌肉占的比例大。选项C：女人身体里的脂肪比例高，所以女人减肥更容易，这显然是错的。选项D：男人老了以后还可以像年轻时一样运动，这显然不正确，最后一段说男人只能做年轻时运动量的60%，而女人能做90%。
39. D【解析】由文章的内容来看，答案只能在选项C和选项D中选，选项C是对男人和女人的相同和不同的研究。文章只说了不同.没提相同，所以D项是最合适。
40. B【解析】根据文章判断哪个是错的。选项A：男人做手术时需要准备更多氧气。正确，第一段提到了。选项8：男人的勇气和身体结构无关。错误，文章第三段第一句提到了don’t forget it is easi—er for him than for a woman.接着说了女人身体结构对于爬高的不利。选项c：女人夏天凉快冬天暖和。正确，第四段中间部分提到了。选项D：男人减肥容易。正确，男人脂肪少。
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