2017年英语等级考试pets4阅读精选练习
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Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET.
56) In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. 57)In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than their parents did and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the "battle of the sexes".
If the process goes too far and man's role is not regarded as important as before--and that has happened in some cases--we are as badly off as before, only in reverse. We should reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of "Monism", but we don't want to change it into a" Ne escapism". What we need is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equality. 58 )There are signs that psychologists and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit, nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is at home. 59)We are beginning, however, to study a man's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.
60) The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family member needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.
Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is relevant not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.
参考答案
56.【译文】在男女角色没有明显分工，家务事或多或少由双方共同承担的家庭中，男性优越的`观点是很难维持的。
【解析】本句是一个由两个长状语从句修饰一个简单状语的简单句。两个where后的长句都是修饰family的。因此决定了必须译成“在…的家庭里”。sharply separated“严格、明显的分开”;household task“家务活”;to all extent“在某种程度上”;notion“观念”;male superi·ority男尊(女卑)”;maintain“保持”。
57.【译文】在这种家庭长大的孩子比他们的父母更容易学会接受平等的观念，会做好充分准备去参与—个合作的，而不是“性别大战”的社会。【解析】本句是一个带两个长宾语的简单句。To accept…and tO pre-
pare…是两个并列的宾语。第一个宾语带的是一个复合句more…than句型。第二个宾语后带了很多修饰成分，主干是prepare…partic—ipation in a world.characterized…“battle of sexes”都是修饰aworld的。
58.【译文】有一些迹象表明：研究家庭的心理学家和专家意识到了男性在家庭中的作用，他们认为女性既不应该受到所有的称赞，也不应该受到所有的指责。我们几乎已不再说：妇女就该待在家里。
【解析】这是一个两个并列同位语从句组成的复合句。That psycholo-gists…the part men play和that they have decided…nor all the blame是并列结构。sign“迹象”;be aware of“知道”;receive credit“受到表扬”。
59.【译文】然而，我们开始研究男性在家庭中的地位，并坚持男性在家庭中占有一席之地的观点，男性在家庭中的地位与孩子的健康成长不无关联。
【解析I nor“也不”，irrelevant“无关联的”。这是—个双重否定表肯定。
60.【译文】家庭是一个合作的集体，很难为它制定一些制度，因为家庭中的每一个人都需要找出解决自家问题的办法。
【解析】前半部分是一个定语从句，lay down rules for“给…制定规则”。先行词是cooperative enterprise“合作集体”;work out“找出”。
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