2017年公共英语考试三级备考复习题
为学患无疑,疑则有进,小疑则小进,大疑则大进。以下是小编为大家搜索整理的2017年公共英语考试三级备考复习题，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!
lesson 11
Medicines May Soon Come in the Form of Food
If Western people think they are healthy eaters, they will have to think again. The no cholesterol, low-fat, high-fiber, calcium-enriched,sugar-less,peservative-additive-color-free-with-added-vitamins diet is about to become a passing fashion. The new “buzz word” in the food industry is nutraceuticals-foods that provide medical benefits as well as traditional nutrients.
“Imagine a supermarket where each food category is subdivided into categories for those consumers who have back problems, are at risk from cardiovascular disease, obesity, arthritis and other diseases,” says Mark Braman, president of the American food company Omega Tech. “Imagine great-tasting foods that help protect the body from major diseases and environmental damage.”
That vision is starting to become a reality. Last year in Britain, the chemical company Roche launched Startup, a fruit juice that contains twice as many vitamins as milk. Multinational food giant Nestle is marketing a yogurt fortified with ingredients that rid the body of bacteria.
In the new millennium, natural foods won’t be able to compete with bio-engineered and processed foods. The lycopene discovery is a case in point. Processed tomato products containing oil that facilitates the absorption of lycopene are better than eating the real thing, raw tomatoes.
The conventional wisdom, however, is that, if you have a well-balanced diet with plenty of fruit and vegetables, you’ll get all the vitamins and minerals and nutrients you need for a healthy body. Supplements, nutritionists often claim, are a waste of money.
According to Dr Sheldon Saul Hendler, nutritional adviser to the US Olympic Committee, vitamin and mineral deficiencies occur in healthy individuals eating generally adequate diets. In The Doctor’s Vitamin and Mineral Encyclopedia, he writes: “There is growing evidence that substances in our ‘well-balanced’ diets contribute to cancer and other degenerative diseases. A vitamin and mineral supplement is recommended for even healthy individuals as a key element in the prevention of many of these degenerative diseases.”
The trick is to know which vitamins and minerals you need to supplement. Some of that guesswork may be eliminated by the introduction of more vitamin and mineral-enriched foods. In Australia, scientists want to lace beer with thiamine (vitamin B1) to reduce the instance of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, a potentially fatal brain disorder found in heavy drinkers.
Vitamin and mineral-enriched foods, however, may also create problems through over-dosing and interaction. The optimal dose for many vitamins and minerals is unknown and some can be toxic in high doses. If you find yourself unaccountably laughing, for instance, you could be overdosing on manganese. Manganese madness is a recognized disorder that can produce manic states followed by deep depression.
As nutraceuticals or functional foods start to fill the supermarket shelves, it will become harder to work out exactly what dosage of vitamins and minerals we are ingesting or what effect it is having on us. The line between food and medicine will become increasingly blurred, and the health claims more imaginative. Most food companies are reluctant to have their product categorized as a medicine, because of the requirement for expensive research and lengthy clinical trials. In the US and Europe, nutraceuticals exist in a regulatory twilight zone. Problems aside, though, the mew revolution in food could produce some useful lifestyle products.
lesson 12
Repeats Repeats Repeats
It takes a lot of investment in promotion, product design, operations, and lots of other stuff to attract and be ready to serve a new customer. Then, when you actually attract a new customer, you may have to educate him or her about your products, sales, and business policies. You may have to do a credit check, set up a new account for the new customer, create a new file with a new label just for that new customer, and gather lots of information about that customer in order to provide them with the service they expect.
Add up all that effort, and you can see that adding a new customer to your business can take quite an investment in time, money, and energy. Business experts who study this kind of thing figure that it costs something like five times more to serve a new customer than a repeat customer.
Here are two very important truths about why creating repeat customers through outstanding service is worth the trouble:
1.Repeat=Lower Expense
Most organizations spend much of their time and energy acquiring new customers. They advertise. Certainly, a business can grow by adding new customers. But it might be much more profitable by spending more energy encouraging existing customers to buy again and again.
Here’s why. Existing customers already know your company. They have an idea of what it stands for. They have sampled the quality of its merchandise. So it should cost far less-maybe even nothing-to encourage satisfied customers (you did satisfy them, didn’t you?) to return time and again. To attract great masses of the uninitiated to try your company for the first time costs far more. They don’t know about your business and they certainly don’t care about it. So in order to get their attention and motivate them to give you a try, you often need to buy ads, send countless mailings, offer steep discounts, and increase sales compensation.
Would you rather spend $10 on ads, mailings, special discounts and the like to attract a new customer for their first $50 purchase, or 50°E to mail a customized reminder letter to your repeat customer who may well make two or three additional $50 purchases with nothing more expensive than some heartfelt words of encouragement and appreciation?
2.Repeat=Revenue
Supposing a customer goes every morning to the same convenience store for a large coffee. He spends about a dollar on it. To the clerk completing the transaction on any given morning, this is a $1 customer.
But this same customer also makes a habit of returning at lunch and buying a prepared sandwich, a soda, and a snack for the afternoon, about a $6 transaction. Sometimes he brings his friends in the store and they each spend a few dollars for lunch, too. Then, on his way home at night, he often stops at the store for another cup of coffee and maybe picks up a half-gallon of milk.
So in an average week, this “$1 cop of coffee customer” actually spends somewhere around $30 to $50 in that convenience store, not to mention whatever his buddies spend on their lunches. So in an average year, this $1 transaction guy is actually visiting the store two or three times a day, about four days out of the week, and dropping upwards of $1,500 per year! Imagine if this same customer continues to return day after day, year after year for as long as he lives in the area (like 15 or 20 or more years), That $1 cup of coffee customer may be worth some 20 grand to that store.
If you owned that store, wouldn’t you want each of your employees to understand that each $1 customer could represent a whole lot more potential revenue? And wouldn’t you want to made sure that mo $1 customer, potentially worth 20 grand to you, was ever driven away forever by a sour cup of coffee or a sour employee?
And while the products and the numbers are different for your business, isn’t the principle of creating a repeat customer equally true and important for your business?
【2017年公共英语考试三级备考复习题】相关文章：