2014年英语四级阅读单选题详解-因果条件题
Passage 1
Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively,.fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.
One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train (驯服)it. Obedience training doesn't solve all behavior problems,but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem- Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct ‘your dog about what you want it to do.
Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order, When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here,sit，” it is shooting obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack (群)by using extreme measures. You can teach your dog its subordinate (从属的)role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.
Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.
3. Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?
A. To avoid being punished,
B. To show their affection for their masters.
C. To win leadership of the dog pack-
D. To show their willingness; to obey
讲解答案：
D本题问“为什么宠物狗喜欢为主人表演技能?”根据第三段中Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order... You can teach your dog its subordinate role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.(训练也是建立社会等级的'方法。你可以通过教狗表示服从你，来教它扮演从属的角色。 大多数的狗都喜欢为你表演技能以此来表示乐意接受你的主宰地位。)所以被驯服的宠物狗喜欢 为人表演技能的原因是to show their willingness to obey。所以D是正确答案。
Passage 2
The rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司)，global. marketing，new communications technologies and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.
Surprisingly,since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago,for example, the worlds top five public relations agencies were American-owned. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part pf their corporate ,planning activities，compared to about one-third of U. S. companies. It may not be long,before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR rap Q?
First,Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography，for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burton Marshall’s U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language, Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance,most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas,their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist,publications not often read in this country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network) : Turner recently announced that the word “foreign” would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner,global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.
1. According to the passage,U. S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because
A. an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies
B. shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologies
C. the decreasing number of multinational abjurations in the U.S.
D. increased efforts of other countries in public relations