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铸造业一定要掌握的专业英语单词
在铸造业中，掌握一定的专业英语单词对于理解技术文献、进行国际交流以及提升专业水平都至关重要。以下是一些铸造业中必须掌握的专业英语单词及其解释：
铸造业一定要掌握的专业英语单词 1
1、fundamental a. 基础的，基本的'
2、process n. 工序、过程 vt. 使经历某一过程
3、molding（美）n. 造型 moulding（英）n. 造型
4、casting n. 铸造（法）、浇注、铸件
5、mold（美）n. 铸型，型 mould（英）n. 铸型，型
6、govern vt.vi. 支配，决定 （be）governed by 取决于……；由……决定， 以……为转移。
7、green sand mold n. 湿（砂）型
8、pour vi. Vt. 浇注
9、dry sand mold n. 干（砂）型
10、mixture n. 混合物，混合料
11、ram vi. Vt. 冲紧，紧实
12、bake vt. Vi. 烘烤，焙烤
13、moisture n. 水分，潮气，湿度
14、firm a. 坚硬的
15、coremaking n. 制芯
16、cavity n. 空腔，空洞，孔
17、project vt. Vi. 伸出，突出
18、binding material n. 粘结材料，粘结剂
19、melt vi. Vt. n. 熔化，熔炼，溶液
20、burner n. 燃烧器，燃烧炉
21、brass n. 黄铜，铜锌合金bronze n. 黄铜，铜锡合金
22、crucible furnace n. 坩埚炉
23、cast iron n. 铸铁
24、cupola n. 冲天炉
25、electric arc furnace n. 电弧炉
26、open hearth furnace n. 平炉
27、converter n. 转炉
28、container n. 容器
29、ladle n. 浇包
30、cleaning n. 清理，清砂
31、finishing n. 打磨
32、solidify vt. Vi. 使凝固
33、gate n. 浇口，内浇口
34、riser n.冒口
35、adhere vi. 粘附，粘着
36、department n. 工段，车间，部门
37、inspect vi. Vt. 检查，检验，部门
38、heat treatment n. 热处理
铸造业一定要掌握的专业英语单词 2
1.基本术语
铸造foundry, founding, casting
铸造工艺foundry technology
铸件casting
砂型铸造sand casting process
特种铸造special casting process
2.合金性能
流动性fluidity
充型能力mold-filling capacity
吸气gas absorption
过冷undercooling supercooling
过冷度degree of undercooling
成核nucleation
自发成核（均质成核）homogeneous nucleation
非自发成核（非均质成核）heterogeneous nucleation
凝固温度范围solidification range
定向凝固（顺序凝固）directional solidification
液态收缩（液体收缩）liquid contraction
凝固收缩solidification contraction
固态收缩（固体收缩）solid contraction
凝固时间solidification time
自由收缩free contraction
受阻收缩hindered contraction
铸件线收缩率shrinkage
收缩应力contraction stress
热应力thermal stress
相变应力transformation stress,phase change stress
铸造应力casting stress
残留应力（残余应力）residual stress
3.铸造用材料
3.1.金属原材料
金属原材料metallic raw material
生铁pig iron
铁合金ferro-alloy
回炉料foundry returns
中间合金master alloy
3.2.燃料
铸造焦炭foundry coke
冶金焦炭metallurgical coke
固定碳fixed carbon
3.3.熔剂
熔剂flux
除气熔剂（除气剂）degassing flux
覆盖熔剂（覆盖剂）covering flux
精炼熔剂（精炼剂）refining flux
耐火度（耐火性）refractoriness
耐火砖firebrick
耐火粘土fireclay
硅砖silica brick
镁砂grain magnesite
3.4.造型材料
造型材料molding material
砂sand
水洗砂washed-out sand
硅砂silica sand
天然砂natural sand
人工砂artificial sand
天然粘土砂naturally clay-bonded sand
橄榄石砂olivine sand
铬铁矿砂chromite sand
锆砂zircon sand
炭粒砂carbon sand
精硅砂sharp sand
红砂red sand
熟料砂chamotte sand
粘结剂binder
粘土clay
无机粘结剂inorganic binder
有机粘结剂organic binder
高岭土kaolin
膨润土bentonite
钠基膨润土sodium bentonite
钙基膨润土calcium bentonite
活化膨润土activated bentonite
干性油drying oil
硬粘结剂(冷硬粘结剂) no bake binder
热固树脂粘结剂thermosetting resin binder
油类粘结剂oil based binder
水玻璃粘结剂water glass binder, sodium silicate binder
纸浆废液lignin liquor
合脂粘结剂synthetic fat binder
水玻璃模数sodium silicate modulus
3.5.辅助材料
附加物additives
发热剂exothermic mixture
分型剂（脱模剂）parting agent,stripping agent
固化剂（硬化剂）hardener
悬浮剂suspending agent
涂料coating
型砂制备（砂处理）sand preparation
混砂sand mulling, sand mixing
型砂（造型混合料）molding sand
芯砂（造芯混合料）core sand
合成砂synthetic sand
自硬砂self-hardening sand
水玻璃砂sodium silicate-bonded sand
覆膜砂precoated sand
烂砂泥（麻泥）loam
调匀砂temper sand
面砂facing sand
背砂（填充砂）backing sand
单一砂unit sand
含泥量clay content
含水量moisture content
旧砂floor sand
枯砂（焦砂）burnt sand
废砂waste sand
热砂hot sand
松砂aeration , sand-cutting
筛分（筛析）screen analysis
旧砂处理sand reconditioning
旧砂再生sand reclamation
沉降分选elutriation, decantation
型砂性能及试验
型砂试验sand testing
透气性permeability
流动性flowability
型砂强度sand strength
湿强度green strength
干强度dry strength
耐用性（复用性）durability
砂型（芯）硬度mold hardness
热变形hot deformation
残留强度retained strength
热强度hot strength
韧性toughness
发气率（发气速度）gas evolution rate
发气性（发气量）gas evolution
吸湿性moisture absorption
落砂性knock-out capability
潰散性collapsibility
胶质价colloid index
破碎指数shatter index
热气流烘砂装置hot pneumatic tube drier
混砂机sand muller, sand mixer
松砂机aerator, sand cutter
冷却提升机cooling elevator, coolevator
筛砂机riddle
磁力滚筒magnetic separator
旧砂再生设备sand reclamation
气力输送装置pneumatic tube conveyor
4.铸造合金
4.1.铸铁
铸铁cast iron
铸铁石墨形态morphology of graphite in cast iron
灰铸铁（灰口铸铁）gray cast iron
白口铸铁white cast iron
麻口铸铁mottled cast iron
共晶度degree of saturation
碳当量carbon equivalent
初生石墨primary graphite
孕育铸铁inoculated cast iron
球墨铸铁spheroidal graphite cast iron, nodular graphite iron, ductile iron
球状石墨spheroidal graphite, nodular graphite
可锻铸铁malleable cast iron
黑心可锻铸铁black heart malleable cast iron
珠光体可锻铸铁pearlitic malleable cast iron
铁素体可锻铸铁ferritic malleable cast iron
白心可锻铸铁white heart malleable cast iron
团絮石墨tempered graphite
冷硬铸铁（激冷铸铁）chilled iron
耐磨铸铁wear resisting cast iron
耐热铸铁heat resisting cast iron
耐酸铸铁acid resisting cast iron
高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron
蠕墨铸铁vermicular cast iron,compacted graphite cast iron
蠕虫状石墨vermicular graphite
合金铸铁alloy cast iron
4.2.铸钢
铸钢cast steel
炭素铸钢carbon cast iron
低合金铸钢low alloy cast steel
高锰钢high manganese steel
铁素体钢ferritic steel
铸造非铁合金
青铜bronze
铅青铜lead bronze
铝青铜aluminum bronze
黄铜brass
铝铜合金aluminum-copper alloy
铝镁合金aluminum-magnesium alloy
铝硅合金aluminum-silicon alloy
镁合金magnesium alloy
轴承合金（减摩合金）bearing metal, antifrictional metal
巴氏合金babbitt alloy
钛合金titanium alloy
5.熔炼工艺及设备
5.1.熔炼基本术语
熔化（熔炼）melting
重熔remelting
炉料charge
熔化率melting rate
炉料计算charge calculation
双联熔炼duplexing
元素烧损（元素烧损率）melting losses of various chemical elements
熔炼损耗（烧损）total melting loss
还原气氛reducing atmosphere
氧化气氛oxidizing atmosphere
惰性气体inert gas
碱度（碱性指数）index of basicity
碱性渣basic slag
酸性渣acid slag
精炼refining
遗传性heredity
风口比tuyere ratio
有效高度effective height
送风强度blast intensity
预热送风hot blast
底焦coke bed
层焦coke split
隔焦（结力焦）buffer coke charge
炉衬furnace lining
碱性炉衬basic lining
酸性炉衬acid lining
棚料bridging
熔池bath
吸碳carbon pick-up
铁焦比（焦比）iron-coke ratio
出渣deslagging
打炉cupola drop
5.2.铸钢
氧化熔炼法oxidizing melting
不氧化熔炼法dead melting
真空熔炼vacuum refining
电渣熔炼electro-slag melting
熔渣slag
沉渣sludge
浮渣dross, cinder
氧化期（沸腾期）oxidizing stage,boil
还原期deoxidizing stage,blocking stage
还原渣reducing slag
氧化渣oxidizing slag
白渣white slag
脱氧deoxidation
扒渣slagging- off
脱碳decarburization
脱硫desulphurization
脱磷dephosphorization
增碳recarburizing
脱氧剂deoxidizer
挥发损耗volatilizing losses
静置stewing, holding
吹氮nitrogen flushing
5.3.熔炼设备
冲天炉cupola
水冷冲天炉water-cooled cupola
热风冲天炉hot-blast cupola
湿法除尘器wet cap
炉缸cupola well
前炉forehearth
冲天炉加料机cupola charging machine
爬式加料机skip hoist
电磁配铁称electro-magnetic weighing balancer
电磁盘electromagnetic chuck
电弧炉（直接电弧炉）arc furnace,direct arc furnace
感应电炉electric induction furnace
电渣炉electroslag furnace
电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation
浇包ladle
摇包shaking ladle
底注包bottom pouring ladle
保温炉holding furnace
坩埚炉crucible furnace
孕育inoculation
多孔塞法porous plug process
变质modification
墨化剂graphitizer
过热superheating
石墨球化处理nodularizing treatment of graphite
碳当量仪eutectometer
三角试块wedge test-piece
真空除气vacuum degassing
5.4.浇注
浇注pouring
保护气氛浇注pouring under controlled atmosphere
浇注速度pouring rate
浇注温度pouring temperature
浇注时间pouring time
浇注位置pouring position
型内孕育inmold inoculation
压铁weight
捣冒口churning, pumping
点冒口（补注）teeming
浸入式高温计immersion pyremeter
补炉patching
炉龄（炉衬寿命）campaign
6.工艺设计及工艺装备
6.1.工艺设计
铸造工艺设计mold design
铸造工艺装备设计foundry tools design
铸造工艺图foundry molding drawing
铸件图（毛坯图）drawing of rough casting
起模斜度（拔模斜度）pattern draft
收缩余量shrinkage allowance
工艺补正量molding allowance
加工余量machining allowance
吃砂量mold thickness
补贴pad
分型负数joint allowance
铸件尺寸公差dimensional tolerance of casting
铸件重量公差weight allowance of casting
铸件加工基准面reference face for machining of casting
铸件表面粗糙度surface roughness of casting
6.2.浇冒口系统
浇注系统（浇口）gating system,running system
封闭式浇注系统choked running system, pressurized gating system
半封闭式浇注系统enlarged runner system
开放式浇注系统unchoked running system, non-pressurized gating system
浇口盆（外浇口）pouring basin
浇口杯pouring cup
浇口塞blanking-off plug
直浇道sprue
直浇道窝sprue base
横浇道runner
筛网芯（滤网芯）strainer core
内浇道ingate
离心集渣浇注系统whirl gate, dirt trap system
顶注式浇注系统top gating system
底注式浇注系统bottom gating system
阶梯式浇注系统step gating system
雨淋浇口shower gate
缝隙浇口slot gate
压边浇口lip runner, kiss runner
牛角式浇口horn gate
热节hot spot
冒口riser, feeder heed
冒口效率riser efficiency
明冒口open riser
暗冒口blind riser
侧冒口（边冒口）side riser
压力冒口pressure riser
大气压力冒口atmospheric riser
发气压力冒口（气弹冒口）gas-delivered pressure riser
透气砂芯pencil core
冒口颈riser neck
冒口根riser pad
保温冒口套heat insulating feeder sleeve
发热冒口套exothermic feeder sleeve
补缩距离feeding distance, feeding zone
易割冒口knock-off head
易割片（易割芯片）washburn core
铸造工艺装备foundry tools and equipment
模样（铸模，模）pattern
母模master pattern
金属模metal pattern
骨架模skeleton pattern
石膏模plaster pattern
塑料模plastic pattern
整体模one-piece pattern
分开模parted pattern, split pattern
活块loose piece
模板pattern plate
模底板pattern mounting plate
单面模板single face pattern plate
双面模板match plate
放样（伸图）hot dimensional drawing
缩尺（模样工缩尺）shrinkage rule,pattern-maker’s rule
6.3.芯盒
芯盒core box
脱落式芯盒troughed core box
下芯量具core setting scale
下芯夹具core jig
烘芯板core drying plate
砂箱flask, molding box
箱带（箱挡）flask bar, cross bar
脱箱snap flask
套箱mold jacket
套销hollow pin, stub pin
7.造型及造芯
7.1.造型
造型molding
型腔mold cavity
铸型（型）mold
砂型sand mold
上型（上箱）cope, top part
下型（下箱）drag, bottom part
手工造型hand molding
机器造型machine molding
自动化造型automatic molding
分型面mold joint
有箱造型flask molding
两箱造型two-part molding
三箱造型three-part molding
不平分型面stepped joint
无箱造型flaskless molding
脱箱造型removable flask molding
地坑造型pit molding
刮板造型sweep molding
抛砂造型impeller ramming, sand slinging molding
组芯造型core assembly molding
假箱造型oddside molding
微震压实造型vibratory squeezing molding
高压造型high pressure molding
湿砂型（湿型，潮型）green sand mold
砂型烘干mold drying
干砂型（干型）dry sand mold
表面烘干型skin dried mold
烂砂泥型loam mold
砂床bed
过渡角transition angle
吊砂cod
砂钩lifter
负压造型（真空密封造型）vacuum molding
流态砂造型fluid sand molding
漏模pattern stripping
填砂mold-filling
紧实（紧砂，舂砂）ramming
震实jolt ramming
压实squeezing ramming
紧实度degree of ramming
二氧化碳法造型CO2 process
自硬砂造型self-hardening sand molding
塞砂tucking
刮砂strike-off
造型生产线molding line
刷水swabbing
敲模rapping
起模（拔模）stripping
扎出气孔venting
排气道venting channel
修型patching
冷铁densener, chill
外冷铁surface densener
内冷铁internal densener
验型（验箱）trial closing
合型（合箱，组型）mold assembling,closing
7.2.造芯
造芯（制芯）core making
芯（芯子）core
芯骨core rod, core scab
油砂芯oil sand core
预制芯embeded core, ram up core
芯头core print
芯座core print
芯头斜度core print taper
芯头间隙core print clearance
壳芯shell core
烘芯core baking
通气蜡线vent wax
冷芯盒法cold box process
热芯盒法hot box process
芯撑chaplet
造型工具
造型工具hand tools of molding
压勺heart and spoon
提沟cleaner
双头铜勺（秋叶）double ended radius sleeker
镘刀trowel
造型及造芯设备
造型机molding machine
压实造型机squeezing molding machine
震击台bumper
振动台vibrating table
微震压实造型机vibratory squeezer
震实造型机jolt molding machine
高压造型机high pressure molding machine
射压造型机shooting and squeezing molding machine
多触头造型机equalizing piston squeezer
抛砂机sand slinger
起模机drawing machine
射砂机core shooter
挤芯机core extruder
铸型输送机mold conveyor
8.铸件落砂及清理
8.1.落砂及清理
落砂shake-out, knock-out
除芯decoring
噴砂清理sand blasting
抛丸清理shot blasting
水力清砂hydraulic cleaning
水砂清砂hydraulic blast
清理cleaning, fettling
清砂cleaning
火焰表面清理scarfing
清铲chipping
化学清砂chemical cleaning
精整dressing and finishing
落砂机knock-out machine
抛丸清理机shot blast machine
清理滚筒tumbling barrel
抛丸落砂清理设备shot blast reclaiming equipment
悬挂式磨轮swing frame grinder
矫正coining, straightening
焊补repair welding
渗补impregnation
金属型铸造permanent mold casting, gravity die casting
金属型metal mold
金属芯metal core
覆砂金属型sand-lined metal mold
排气塞venting plug
排气槽air vent
龟裂heat checking
金属型铸造机gravity die casting machine
9.压力铸造
压力铸造（压铸）die casting, pressure die casting
压铸型die-casting die, die
动型moving die, ejector die half
定型fixed die, cover die half
合型力clamping force , die locking force
压室pressure chamber
鹅颈管gooseneck
分流器spreader, sprue spreader
顶杆ejector pin
溢流槽overflow well
压射冲头（压室）injection piston,plunger
压射比压injection pressure
压射速度injection speed
保压时间dwell time
真空压铸evacuated die casting,vacuum die casting
充氧压铸pore-free die casting
双冲头压铸（精速密压铸）acurad(accurate?) die casting
压铸机die casting machine
冷室压铸机cold chamber die casting machine
热室压铸机hot chamber die casting machine
镶铸法 process
离心铸造true centrifugal casting
半离心铸造semi-centrifugal casting
离心浇注centrifugal pressure casting, centrifuge casting
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