2017年英语六级考试阅读理解精选版练习

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　　Wakefield Master’s Realism

　　Moreover, insofar as any interpretation of its author can be made from the five or six plays attributed to him, the Wake field Master is uniformly considered to be a man of sharp contemporary observation. He was, formally, perhaps clerically educated, as his Latin and music, his Biblical and patristic lore indicate. He is, still, celebrated mainly for his quick sympathy for the oppressed and forgotten man, his sharp eye for character, a ready ear for colloquial vernacular turns of speech and a humor alternately rude and boisterous, coarse and happy. Hence despite his conscious artistry as manifest in his feeling for intricate metrical and stanza forms, he is looked upon as a kind of medieval Steinbeck, indignantly angry at, uncompromisingly and even brutally realistic in presenting the plight of the agricultural poor.

　　Thus taking the play and the author together, it is mow fairly conventional to regard the former as a kind of ultimate point in the secularization of the medieval drama. Hence much emphasis on it as depicting realistically humble manners and pastoral life in the bleak hills of the West Riding of Yorkshire on a typically cold bight of December 24th. After what are often regarded as almost “documentaries” given in the three successive monologues of the three shepherds, critics go on to affirm that the realism is then intensified into a burlesque mock-treatment of the Nativity. Finally as a sort of epilogue or after-thought in deference to the Biblical origins of the materials, the play slides back into an atavistic mood of early innocent reverence. Actually, as we shall see, the final scene is not only the culminating scene but perhaps the raison d’etre of introductory “realism.”

　　There is much on the surface of the present play to support the conventional view of its mood of secular realism. All the same, the “realism” of the Wakefield Master is of a paradoxical turn. His wide knowledge of people, as well as books indicates no cloistered contemplative but one in close relation to his times. Still, that life was after all a predominantly religious one, a time which never neglected the belief that man was a rebellious and sinful creature in need of redemption, So deeply (one can hardly say “naively” of so sophisticated a writer) and implicitly religious is the Master that he is less able (or less willing) to present actual history realistically than is the author of the Brome “Abraham and Isaac”. His historical sense is even less realistic than that of Chaucer who just a few years before had done for his own time costume romances, such as The Knight’s Tale, Troilus and Cressida, etc. Moreover Chaucer had the excuse of highly romantic materials for taking liberties with history.

　　1. Which of the following statements about the Wakefield Master is NOT True?

　　[A]. He was Chaucer’s contemporary.　　[B]. He is remembered as the author of five or six realistic plays.

　　[C]. He write like John Steinbeck.　　[D]. HE was an accomplished artist.

　　2. By “patristic”, the author means

　　[A]. realistic. [B]. patriotic　　[C]. superstitious. [C]. pertaining to the Christian Fathers.

　　3. The statement about the “secularization of the medieval drama” refers to the

　　[A]. introduction of mundane matters in religious plays.　　[B]. presentation of erudite material.

　　[C]. use of contemporary introduction of religious themes in the early days.

　　4. In subsequent paragraphs, we may expect the writer of this passage to

　　[A]. justify his comparison with Steinbeck. [B]. present a point of view which attack the thought of the second paragraph.

　　[C]. point out the anachronisms in the play.　　[D]. discuss the works of Chaucer.

　　答案CDAB

　　Forecasting of Statistics

　　Nearly two thousand years have passed since a census decreed by Caesar Augustus become part of the greatest story ever told. Many things have changed in the intervening years. The hotel industry worries more about overbuilding than overcrowding, and if they had to meet an unexpected influx, few inns would have a manager to accommodate the weary guests. Now it is the census taker that does the traveling in the fond hope that a highly mobile population will stay long enough to get a good sampling. Methods of gathering, recording, and evaluating information have presumably been improved a great deal. And where then it was the modest purpose of Rome to obtain a simple head count as an adequate basis for levying taxes, now batteries of complicated statistical series furnished by governmental agencies and private organizations are eagerly scanned and interpreted by sages and seers to get a clue to future events. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable differences of opinion. They were aired at the celebration of the 125th anniversary of the American Statistical Association. There was the thought that business forecasting might well be on its way from an art to a science, and some speakers talked about newfangled computers and high-falutin mathematical system in terms of excitement and endearment which we, at least in our younger years when these things mattered, would have associated more readily with the description of a fair maiden. But others pointed to the deplorable record of highly esteemed forecasts and forecasters with a batting average below that of the Mets, and the President-elect of the Association cautioned that “high powered statistical methods are usually in order where the facts are crude and inadequate, the exact contrary of what crude and inadequate statisticians assume.” We left his birthday party somewhere between hope and despair and with the conviction, not really newly acquired, that proper statistical methods applied to ascertainable facts have their merits in economic forecasting as long as neither forecaster nor public is deluded into mistaking the delineation of probabilities and trends for a prediction of certainties of mathematical exactitude.

　　1. Taxation in Roman days apparently was based on

　　[A]. wealth. [B]. mobility. [C]. population. [D]. census takers.

　　2. The American Statistical Association

　　[A]. is converting statistical study from an art to a science.　　[B]. has an excellent record in business forecasting.

　　[C]. is neither hopeful nor pessimistic.　　[D]. speaks with mathematical exactitude.

　　3. The message the author wishes the reader to get is

　　[A]. statisticians have not advanced since the days of the Roman.　　[B]. statistics is not as yet a science.

　　[C]. statisticians love their machine.　　[D].computer is hopeful.

　　4. The “greatest story ever told” referred to in the passage is the story of

　　[A]. Christmas. [B]. The Mets.　　[C]. Moses. [D]. Roman Census Takers.

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