2016年12月英语四级考试阅读专项试题

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　　Text 1

2016年12月英语四级考试阅读专项试题

　　Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3000 U. S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.

　　Since the late 1970 s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent, smoking rates among youth have declined. While the decline is impressive, several important issues must be raised.

　　First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second, in the late 1970 s, smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent. The statistic is reversing. Third, several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent.

　　Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context, the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.

　　1. According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by ________.

　　a. traffic accidents

　　b. smoking-related desease

　　c. murder

　　d. all of these

　　2. Every day there are over ________ high school strdents who will become regular smoker.

　　a.75 b.23 c.30 d.3000

　　3. By "dropout" the author means ________.

　　a. students who failed the examination

　　b. students who left school

　　c. students who lost their way

　　d. students who were driven out of school

　　4. The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.

　　a. NCI has taken effective measures

　　b. smoking is prevented among high school seniors

　　c. there are many smokers who have died of cancer

　　d. none of these

　　5. What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.

　　a. smoking rates among youth have declined very little

　　b. there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors

　　c. high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth

　　d. smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds

　　答案：bdbdb

　　Text 2

　　The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additivies, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA. has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.

　　1. What is the best possible title of the passage?

　　a. Drug and Food

　　b. Cancer and Health

　　c. Food and Health

　　d. Health and Drug

　　2. Which of the following statements is NOT ture?

　　a. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons

　　b. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals

　　c. Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.

　　d. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.

　　3. How has science done something harmful to mankind?

　　a. Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.

　　b. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.

　　c. Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.

　　d. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.

　　4. What are nitrates used for?

　　a. They preserve flavor in packaged foods.

　　b. They preserve the color of meats.

　　c. They are the objects of research.

　　d. They cause the animals to become fatter.

　　5. The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means ' ________'.

　　a. trouble-making

　　b. color-retaining

　　c. money-making

　　d. cancer-causing

　　答案：cacbd

　　Text 3

　　Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.

　　One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.

　　College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.

　　Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.

　　Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist.

　　"Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."

　　1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.

　　a.produce a report on sexual discrimination

　　b.call for further improvement in their working conditions

　　c.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination

　　d.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities

　　2.From this passage ,we know that _____.

　　a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texas

　　b.women play an important part in adminitrating the University

　　c.the weather on the campus is chilly

　　d.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University

　　3.Which of the following statements is true?

　　a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985

　　b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985

　　c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985

　　d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University

　　4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.

　　a.women were told to con centrate on teir work

　　b.women were given information about available administrative jobs

　　c.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversity

　　d.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities

　　5. The title for this passage should be _______.

　　a.The University of Texas

　　b.Milburn's Report

　　c.Women Professors

　　d.Sexual Discrimination in Academia

　　答案：ddabd

　　Text 4

　　Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.

　　Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.

　　First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .

　　Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.

　　1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.

　　a.traffic accidents

　　b.smoking-related desease

　　c.murder

　　d.all of these

　　2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.

　　a.75 b.23 c.30 d.3000

　　3.By "dropout" the author means______.

　　a.students who failed the examination

　　b.students who left school

　　c.students who lost their way

　　d.students who were driven out of school