2025年大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析（通用16套）

相关推荐

　　在英语四级备考的过程中，英语四级阅读是对学生深度理解、分析和应用英文文本的考量，如何高效阅读英语文章，下面是小编整理的大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析，希望对大家有帮助。

2025年大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析（通用16套）

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 1

　　Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.

　　Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.

　　The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.

　　1. The passage is mainly about____.

　　A) the uses of life preservers

　　B) the design of life preservers

　　C) the materials for life preservers

　　D) the buoyancy of life preservers

　　2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____.

　　A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting

　　3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____.

　　A) with as few strings as possible

　　B) capable of being worn on both sides

　　C) according to each wearers size

　　D) comfortable and light to wear

　　4. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____.

　　A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver

　　B) who has a little experience in using a life preserver

　　C) who uses a life preserver without permission

　　D) who becomes nervous before a disaster

　　5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?

　　A) The waves would move him backwards.

　　B) The water would choke him.

　　C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.

　　D) He would be exhausted or unconscious.

　　答案与解析：

　　1. B

　　文章主要讲述了救生衣的设计。间接题型段首主旨题。C项和D项都是对救生衣设计中设计材料的说明。A项为陷阱，指救生衣的用途，尽管开头提到，但范围不着边际。故只有B是正确选项。

　　2. D

　　根据文章，救生衣首先会自动扶正。事实细节题。本文第三段主要讨论救生衣落水位置，应设计的能“自动扶正”,或稍向后仰。B项是对材料的描述，范围太窄，而A和C不合题意，因此D是正确答案。

　　3. C

　　美国海岸巡逻队不需要救生衣根据穿戴者的.尺寸生产。事实细节题。A项和B项都涉及method，其相关部分见最后一段第三句，A，B，D三项都是文章中提及的，C项与本题无关的内容，因此应该选C。

　　4. A

　　“the uninitiated individual”作者指的是不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。语义指代题。根据文章最后一段第一句，我们可推出“the uninitiated individual”就是指的那些不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。故A是正确选项。

　　5. D

　　如果一个人没有正确使用救生衣，就会发生什么?细节辨别题。第三段第一句后半句中a face-down position和本题中的 in a wrong position相对应。因此选项D“他可能太累了或者是已经失去知觉”是正确答案。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 2

　　Most episodes of absent-mindedness forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered aroom-are caused by a simple lack of attention,says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, butyou haven’t encoded it deeply.”

　　Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phonein a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in you wardrobe (衣柜). “Your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says Schacter. “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”

　　Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,” says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.” Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on justthat.

　　Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,” he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.

　　Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,” says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?

　　A. It helps us understand our memory system better.

　　B. It enables us to recall something form our memory.

　　C. It expands our memory capacity considerably.

　　D. It slows down the process of losing our memory.

　　2. One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that ________.

　　A. they have a wider range of interests

　　B. they are more reliant on the environment

　　C. they have an unusual power of focusing their attention

　　D. they are more interested in what’s happening around them

　　3. A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because ________.

　　A. it will easily get lost

　　B. it’s not clear enough for you to read

　　C. it’s out of your sight

　　D. it might get mixed up with other things

　　4. What do we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A. If we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget another.

　　B. Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.

　　C. Repetition helps improve our memory.

　　D. If we keep forgetting things, we’d better return to where we were.

　　5. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. The process of gradual memory loss.

　　B. The causes of absent-mindedness.

　　C. The impact of the environment on memory.

　　D. A way if encoding and recalling.

　　参考答案

　　1.[B]事实细节题。根据第2段第1句可知，encoding是关注某事的一种特殊方式，这影响到以后是否能回忆起这件事来，因此B正确。

　　2.[D]事实细节题。根据第3段第3句，“女性比男性的记忆力稍强，这也许是因为她们对周围的`环境更加注意，而记忆正是依靠这个”，故选D “她们对于周围发生的事更感兴趣”。

　　3.[C]事实细节题。根据第4段首句中说到的“视觉线索可以防止遗忘某事”可知破折号之后的警告“不要把药瓶放在药箱里，然后写一张纸条装进口袋”正是为了防止药瓶、提示性信条离开了视线，故选C。

　　4.[A]推断题。根据最后一段的前两句“心不在焉的另一个常见的情景是:走进房间,却不知为什么要进来。你很有可能是在想别的事”,可知本题答案为A。

　　5.[B]主旨题。根据第1、3、5段的首句可以得出，本文主要讲的是精神不集中的原因，故选B。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 3

　　Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.

　　Interest in teaching, social service and the“altruistic”fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.

　　That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job-even before she completed her two-yearassociate degree.

　　While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions m be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying thediverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.

　　Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business.No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run!

　　But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter,”he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”

　　From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. According to the author’s observation, college students _______.

　　A. have never been so materialistic as today

　　B. have never been so interested in the arts

　　C. have never been so financially well off as today

　　D. have never attached so much importance to moral sense

　　2. The students’ criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _______.

　　A. the influences of their instructors

　　B. the financial goals they seek in life

　　C. their own interpretations of the courses

　　D. their understanding of the contributions of others

　　3. By saying “While it’s true that ... be they scientific or artistic” (Lines 1-3, Para. 5), the author means that _______.

　　A. business management should be included in educational programs

　　B. human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speed

　　C. human intellectual development has reached new heights

　　D. the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked

　　4. Studying the diverse wisdom of others can ________.

　　A. create varying artistic interests

　　B. help people see things in their right perspective

　　C. help improve connections among people

　　D. regulate the behavior of modern people

　　5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A. Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.

　　B. Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.

　　C. People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.

　　D. Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.

　　1.[A]事实细节题。根据第1段可知，根据调査，当今处于传统年龄的大学一年级的学生在17年来的民意测验中是“最追求物质享受、最自私的.”，这与A所述相一致。

　　2.[B]事实细节题。根据第2段第1句指出现在大学生选择专业的目的是为了经济上的富裕，B中的financial goals对应文中的financial well off，故正确。

　　3.[D]句意理解题。本句首选强调Career职业的重要性，之后强啁我们也必须理解其他领域的知识，所以这句目的是强调全面教育的重要性，故D正确。

　　4.[B]事实细节题。根据第5段第2句：同样毋庸置疑的还有，学习他人的各种智慧时，我们也学会怎样去思考。句中how to think与B中的see things in…right perspective意思最为相反，故B正确。

　　5.[D]事实细节题。根据文章的第5至6段可知，作者认为罢工要求加薪等一些追求眼前利益的行为是目光短浅的，故D正确。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 4

　　The dancers stand motionless at their position and the room grows silent. But as the music starts, they began to move, bending, turning and waving their fans gracefully as they perform. a traditional Japanese dance. Yoshihiro Kuroki watches in silence, occasionally making notes. But as the dance ends, he beams with happiness. The performance has been flawless.

　　There have been many performances of traditional Japanese dances over the centuries, but this one is unique,because it is performed not by human dancers but by robots. And the performance takes place not in a dance studio but in a laboratory of Sony Corp.s Entertainment Robot Co. in Shinagawa, Japan, where Kuroki isgeneral manager. He is the mastermind behind a series of even more capable humanoid entertainment robots,starting with the Sony Dream Robot, or SDR, in 1997, up to the current QRIO in 2003.

　　These delightful machines are only 58 cm tall, about the size of a newborn infant, weigh about 7 kg, and move with 38 degrees of freedom, each with its own servomotor(辅助马达).

　　QRIOs predecessor, the SDR4X, announced in 2002, can walk, dance, sing, speak, recognize faces, and understand continuous speech. Each robot has two charge-coupled-device cameras to detect color and position andcan locate a colored ball, move toward it, and kick it into a goal. It also has contact sensors in severaljoints to avoid pinching real human fingers. Seeing the robot perform, it is difficult to remember that there is no sentience(知觉)behind those glass eyes.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.Which of the following is the most suitable title of this passage?

　　A.New Entertainment Robots Produced in Japan.

　　B.QRIO the Robot Dancers.

　　C.Robots Mans Best Friend.

　　D.An Extraordinary Performance in Sonys Lab.

　　2.Yoshihiro Kuroki ______.

　　A.is excited when the robots are performing a traditional Japanese dance

　　B.keeps silent because he is a little unsatisfied with the new product

　　C.witnesses the creation of a series of entertainment robots

　　D.is an executive manager of Sony Corp.

　　3.Which aspect of the robots is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　A.The vividness of their motion.

　　B.Their pleasant appearance.

　　C.Their smart designing principles.

　　D.Their communicative ability.

　　4.The Sony Dream Robot was___

　　A.the first human-like entertainment robot developed by the Sony Corp

　　B.as capable as the QRIO of speaking,dancing,singing and walking

　　C.largest among all the entertainment robot developed by the Sony Corp

　　D.the first entertainment robot sold at the market by the Sony Corp

　　5.The robot can locate colored balls by mens of ____

　　A.a charge-coupled device

　　B.two cameras

　　C.two contacts sensors

　　D.a digital detector

　　参考答案

　　1.[A]主旨大意题。标题需要既全面又突出地概括文章的主题。本文先是描述“舞蹈演员”，然后揭晓这是些“机器人”(第2段第1句)，接着对Sony公司的一些机器人产品进行详细介绍。选项A比较全面地概括了文章内容。选项B、D只是涉及细节，不能全面地概括本文的内容。而C又过于笼统，不具有针对性。

　　2.[C]事实细节题。选项C符合第2段最后一句“He is the mastermind behind a series of... robots...”。仔细阅读有关的`细节信息会发现,第1段第3句可帮助否定选项A。第1段最后两句可帮助否定选项B。另外，根据第2段倒数第2句可否定选项D。

　　3.[D]事实细节题。全文分四段，分别讨论机器人三方面的特点：第1段和第2段描述机器人舞蹈演员栩栩如生的表演，即选项A;第3段描写它们的外表，即选项B;第4段介绍它们巧妙的设计，即选项C;只有选项D是没有提到的，故为答案。

　　4.[A]推理判断题。该句中的分词结构“starting with...”表明the Sony Dream Robot是第一个人形娱乐机器人，因此选项A正确。文章在最后一段的第1句提到两种能说话、跳舞的机器人，但没有提到SDR是否和它们一样，由此可否定选项B。在第3段讨论机器人大小的时候也没有提到SDR体型最大，因此选项C不正确。选项D在文中没有讨论到。

　　5.[B]事实细节题。该句中“two…cameras to...”的结构表明这两个摄像头可以用于定位，所以选项B正确。选项A在该句中也有提到，但它只是摄像机的工作机制，而不是用于定位的装置。选项C在下一句提到，但与题干提到的定位功能无关。选项D在文中并未提及。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 5

　　The stone age, The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science -- once the least sexy technology – is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramicsthat may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture: from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and ceramics willshape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.

　　The key to the new materials is researchers’ increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for example, have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.

　　A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars, touch sensors for robot hands and karate jacketsthat automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example, gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Besides, composites – plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds – made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat: a helmet saved an infantryman’s life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.

　　Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.

　　But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.

　　1. How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?

　　[A] Two

　　[B] Three

　　[C] Four

　　[D] Five

　　2. Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?

　　[A] To compare them with the new materials.

　　[B] To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.

　　[C] To compare the new materials to them.

　　[D] To explain his view point.

　　3. Why is transition difficult?

　　[A] Because transition requires money and time.

　　[B] Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.

　　[C] Because research on new materials is very difficult.

　　[D]Because it takes 10 years.

　　4. Where lies success of a country in the New Age of superstuff?

　　[A] It lies in research.

　　[B] It lies in investment.

　　[C] It lies in innovation.

　　[D] It lies in application.

　　Vocabulary

　　1. superstuff 超级材料

　　2. superconducting ceramic 超导陶瓷

　　3. exotic 神奇的

　　4. shape 塑造，成型

　　5. brittleness 脆性

　　6. polymer 聚合体

　　7. karate jacket 空手道外衣

　　8. touch sensor 触及传感器

　　9. each punch and chop 每一个击、打

　　10. blot 玷污，损害风景的东西

　　11. tinker 修补，调整

　　12. amendable 服从于，遵循的

　　13. biodegradable 能生物递减分解的

　　14. six-pack rings 放六个罐子的环状物

　　15. decompose 分解

　　16. recyclable 可循环(使用的)

　　17. infantryman 步兵

　　18. deflect 使偏斜，使转向

　　19. a new twist 一个新的观点，方法

　　难句译注

　　1. Material science – once the least sexy technology – is bursting with new, practicaldiscoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics.

　　【参考译文】材料科学，一度曾是最无吸引力(最不起眼)的技术，正以崭新的，以超导陶瓷为首的种种实用性发明绽开新颜。这种超导陶瓷可能会使电子技术彻底改变。

　　2. Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberopticcables that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.

　　【参考译文】有些高级材料是带有新方法的老标准。最新全国电话的光纤电缆由玻璃制成。这种玻璃透明度极高，一片100英里厚的玻璃比一块标准的窗框玻璃还要清晰透明。

　　写作方法与文章大意

　　这是一篇介绍“超导材料”的'论说文,采用一般到具体的分类写作手法。先指出未来时代的材料属于超导，然后再提出三种超导材料，再逐一说明。

　　答案详解

　　1. B 三种超导材料。答案再第一段最后一句“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段具体讲这三种材料。第二段讲陶瓷：“新材料之关键在于研究工作者不断提高在分子水平上处理物质的能力。举陶瓷为例，由于它的脆性，长期来应用范围有限。但是通过改善导致脆性的微小缺陷，科学家制造出一种保持原有硬度和抗热性，但坚实得多的陶瓷”。第三段讲塑料。“类似的转折发生在塑料上，高强度的塑料建成了桥梁、溜冰场、直升机的叶轮。一种震动或推动就能发电的新型塑料用于电子吉他上，触及传感塑料用于机械手和空手道外衣上，它能自动记录每次击打。”后面谈及塑料垃圾可以处理，或者制造可分解还原的塑料制品。塑料内加入其他化合物加强性能。第四段讲有些高级材料由新的改变，最新的光纤电缆由玻璃制成，透明度极高，100英里厚的一块其清晰度比一块普通窗玻璃还高。

　　2. B 说明这种新材料对未来世界的意义。答案在第一段：“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷一定会象生物工程和计算机一样将改变世界。”A. 把它们和新材料相比较，这里不仅仅是比较，而是说明三者都具同样的作用--改变世界。 C. 把新材料比作它们。也不仅仅是比喻比拟。与A一样没有说到核心电。D. 说明他的观点。太笼统。

　　3. A 转折需要钱和时间。见最后一段“可是新材料只有制成产品才有影响，而这个转折可能很困难，因为转折需要长期的研究和投资。可以这么说，在不久的将来，更牢牢地掌握如何把材料转变成商品将决定一个国家之成败。”B. 因为许多制造商不愿改变他们的设备。C. 因为新材料的研究非常困难。 D. 转折要华上十年时间。这三项文内没有涉及。

　　4. D 在超级材料时代已过之成功在于应用。A. 在于研究。B. 在于投资。C. 在于革新。这三项都是应用的部分前提。其中A和B文内提到，C项文内未涉及。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 6

　　Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-mindedactions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses(差错)in a scientific report, hewas surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings, Nordid the lapses appear to be entirely random(随机的).

　　One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. "the explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer," explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme," About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures,"

　　Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing---an average of twelve each, There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest(荒谬可笑的).These aretwo hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m."Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain’ programmes’ occurs, as for instance between going to and from work." Women on average reported slightly more lapses----- 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men m probably because they were more reliable reporters.

　　A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse m even dangerous.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects ________

　　A. to keep track of people who tend too forget things

　　B. to report their embarrassing lapses at random

　　C. to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically

　　D. to keep a record of what they did unintentionally

　　2. Professor Smith discovered that ________

　　A. certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents

　　B. many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness

　　C. men tend to be more absent-minded than women

　　D. absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness

　　3. "Programme assembly failures" (Line 6, Para. 2) refers to the phenomenon that people ______

　　A. often fail to programme their routines beforehand

　　B. tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry

　　C. unconsciously change the sequence of doing things

　　D. are likely to mess things up if they are too tired

　　4. We learn from the third paragraph that _______

　　A. absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day

　　B. women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods

　　C. women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness

　　D. men’s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations

　　5.It can be concluded from the passage that _____

　　A. people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses

　　B. hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at

　　C. people should be careful when programming their actions

　　D. lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration

　　参考答案

　　1.[D] 事实细节题。本文第1句中的'to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions就是指to keep a record of what they did unintentionally,题目中的subjects指实验对象，被测试者。

　　2.[A] 事实细节题。根据第2句中nearly all of them fell into a few groupings可以找到本题答案，题目中的discover是该句中find的同义词,A的patterns与原文中的groupings意义相同。

　　3.[C] 语义题。根据第2段最后两句提到,但是不知怎么的这种行为在程序中颠倒了。这些被测试者报告的事件中二十个中有一个属于这种“流水线程序错误”。C的unconsciously与somehow对应,change the sequence of doing things与the action got reversed对应，故本题选C。

　　4.[A] 事实细节题。根据第3段的第2、3句“一天之中似乎存在一些人们易犯荒谬可笑错误的高峰时段”,之后到举了几个高峰时间，可知A与之相符。

　　5.[D] 推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“一般来说，我们会以为技术娴熟可以减少错误。但是为了避免出现愚蠢的失误而更加专注，只会把事情弄得更糟糕，甚至会导致危险。”可知D“差错并不总是注意力不集中导致的” 正确。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 7

　　Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.

　　Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.

　　People who take part in hunting think of as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.

　　It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.

　　Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament toapprove a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes ________.

　　A. for recreation

　　B. in the interests of the farmers

　　C. to limit the fox population

　　D. to show off their wealth

　　2. What is special about fox hunting in Britain?

　　A. It involves the use of a deadly poison.

　　B. It is a costly event which rarely occurs.

　　C. The hunters have set rules to follow.

　　D. The hunters have to go through strict training.

　　3. Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game ________.

　　A. by resorting to violence

　　B. by confusing the fox hunters

　　C. by taking legal action

　　D. by demonstrating on the scene

　　4. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________.

　　A. prohibit farmers from hunting foxes

　　B. forbid hunting foxes with dogs

　　C. stop hunting wild animals in the countryside

　　D. prevent large-scale fox hunting

　　5. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

　　A. killing foxes with poison is illegal

　　B. limiting the fox population is unnecessary

　　C. hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent

　　D. fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich

　　参考答案

　　1.[A] 事实细节题。根据第3段第1句的.前半部分People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport可知，参加捕杀的人们把猎杀狐狸当成是一种运动，A与之相符。

　　2.[C] 事实细节题。根据第3段首句末尾说，凡是参加的人都要遵循严格的行为准则，C “猎手已建立起需要遵循的规则”与之相符，故选C。

　　3.[B] 事实细节题。第4段末句提到，在大部分情况下，阻拦者利用为骑马的人引错路和进行气味干扰来干涉捕猎，B与之相符，故选B。

　　4.[B] 事实细节题。文章倒数第2句提及，督促议会通过一项新法案,将带狗猎杀野生动物列为非法。而狐狸是野生动物的一种，故选B。

　　5.[C] 推断题。.根据第4段第2句后半部分可知，反对捕猎狐狸的人数在上升是因为他们认为捕猎狐狸是残酷的，故选C。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 8

　　“The worlds environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss.”If that were an examination topic, most students would tear it apart. offering a long list of complaints: from local smog (烟雾) to global climate change, from the felling(砍伐) of forests to the extinction of species. The list would largely be accurate,the concern legitimate. Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. The surprise is how good things are, not how bad.

　　After all. the worlds population has more than tripled during this century, and world output has risen hugely. so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. Indeed, if people lived, consumed and produced things in the same way as they did in 1900 (or 1950. or indeed 1980), the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty. toxic and dangerous.

　　But they dont. The reasons why they dont. and why the environment has not been ruined. have to do with prices. technological innovation, social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure. That is why todays environmental problems in the poor countries ought. in principle, to be solvable.

　　Raw materials have not run out. and show no sign of doing so. Logically. one day they must: the planet is a finite place. Yet it is also very big. and man is very ingenious. What has happened is chat every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and. in response. people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the material, or looked for a new substitute. For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century. The same is true for food. Prices fluctuate, in response to harvests. natural disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply become available. But they always do. assisted by new farming and crop technology. The long-term trend has been downwards.

　　It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign (良性的) trend begins to scumble, and the genuine problems arise. Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy. If no one owns the resource concerned. no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it: fish is the best example of this.

　　1.According to the author, most students_________________.

　　A) believe the worlds environment is in an undesirable condition

　　B) agree that the environment of the world is not as bad as it is thought to be

　　C) get high marks for their good knowledge of the worlds environment

　　D) appear somewhat unconcerned about the state of the worlds environment

　　2.The huge increase in world production and population________________.

　　A) has made the world a worse place to live in

　　B) has had a positive influence on che environment

　　C) has not significantly affected the environment

　　D) has made the world a dangerous place to live in

　　3.One of the reasons why the long-term trend of prices bas been downwards is that__________.

　　A) technological innovation can promote social stability

　　B) political instability will cause consumption io drop

　　C) new farming and crop technology can lead to overproduction

　　D) new sources are always becoming available

　　4.Fish resources are diminishing because_________________.

　　A) no new substitutes can be found in large quantities

　　B) they are not owned by any particular entity

　　C) improper methods of fishing have ruined che fishing grounds

　　D) water pollution is extremely serious

　　5.The primary solution to environmental problems is_______________.

　　A) to allow market forces to operate properly

　　B) to curb consumption of natural resources

　　C) to limit the growth of the world population

　　D) to avoid fluctuations in prices

　　答案：

　　1.作者认为，大部分学生__________________。

　　A)相信全球环境现在是糟糕的

　　B)同意全球环境没有人们想象的那么糟糕

　　C)在关于全球环境知识上掌握得很好，取得了很高的分数

　　D)对全球环境表现出不关心的态度

　　[A]根据文章第1段前两句“如果以《全球环境状况非常好》作为考试题，大多数学生会将试卷撕碎，并列出一大堆的抱怨，从烟雾到全球气候变暖，从砍伐森林到物种灭绝”，由此可推断，大多数学生认为全球环境并不令人满意。因此,A正确。

　　2.世界生产力和人口的激增，_________________。

　　A)使得这个世界的居住环境更加糟糕

　　B)已经对环境造成了正面的影响

　　C)并没有严重地影响环境

　　D)使得世界的居住环境更加危险

　　[C]根据文章第2段全段和第3段首句“本世纪，全球人口增加了三倍多，全球产量也有巨大的增长，因此你可能会认为地球会受到影响。的确.如果人们还像1900年或1950年甚至1980年那样居住，消费和生产，那么到现在，地球很可能是一个令人厌恶的地方但人们没有这样做”，注意此处的虚拟语气，由此可推断产量和人口的增加并没有对全球环境造成太大的'影响，故此，应选C。

　　3.从长期来看，价格是下降的，其中的一个原因是_____________。

　　A)技术创新促进了社会稳定型

　　B)政治的不稳定性会导致消费下降

　　C)新的农耕和作物技术会导致过度生产

　　D)总能获得新的资源

　　[D]根据文章第4段第4、5句“每次当一种资源似乎就要匮乏时，价格就会上升，相应地，人们会寻找新的资源，想方设法找到节省资源的方法或者寻找新的替代品。正因为如此，本世纪能源和矿产品的价格实质上已经下降了一，故应选D。

　　4.鱼类资源在减少，因为___________________。

　　A)没有大量的新替代品

　　B)鱼类资源不属于任何一个实体

　　C)不当的捕鱼方法损坏了渔区

　　D)水质污染非常严重

　　[B]根据文章最后一段第2、3句“市场并不能总是保持环境的健康发展。如果相关的资源不属于任何人，人们就没有兴趣保护它、培养它。鱼类资源就是一个最好的例子”，因此，可推断B正是鱼类减少的原因。

　　5.解决环境问题的主要办法是_________________。

　　A)让市场力量恰当地运作

　　B)减步自然资源的消耗

　　C)限制世界人口增长

　　D)避免价格波动

　　[A]根据文章展后一段第1句“在价格和市场手段不能正常运转的地方，这种良性的趋势就会动摇，就会出现环境能源等问题”，故此，让市场价格手段正常地发挥作用才是解决环境问题的方法，A与文章的意思相符，故而正确。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 9

　　原文

　　In developed countries, educated people increasingly work longer hours than the less well-educated. Some 65% of American men with a college degree work more than 40 hours a week, compared with 52% of men with only a high-school diploma. This gap is growing. The rich are working longer because technology and globalization have made their skills more valuable. Meanwhile, low-skilled workers are seeing their wages and hours cut. Population aging is also pushing up the average working week. As more people delay retirement, they are likely to work longer hours.

　　The trend has important implications. For individuals, working longer can mean higher incomes but also more stress. For society, it may widen the gap between the rich and the poor. Governments need to consider how to balance the benefits of longer working hours for skilled workers against the risks of increased inequality.

　　题目

　　What is the trend in working hours in developed countries?

　　A. Less educated people work longer.

　　B. Educated people work fewer hours.

　　C. The working hour gap between educated and less educated is expanding.

　　D. Most people work more than 40 hours a week.

　　Why do skilled workers work longer hours?

　　A. They enjoy their jobs more.

　　B. Their skills are more in demand due to technology and globalization.

　　C. They need to support their families.

　　D. They want to delay retirement.

　　What impact does population aging have on working hours?

　　A. It shortens the average working week.

　　B. It pushes up the average working week.

　　C. It has no effect on working hours.

　　D. It makes people retire earlier.

　　What is a negative consequence of the trend for society?

　　A. Higher unemployment rate.

　　B. Wider wealth gap.

　　C. More social conflicts.

　　D. Decreased productivity.

　　What should governments do according to the passage?

　　A. Force skilled workers to work fewer hours.

　　B. Provide more jobs for low-skilled workers.

　　C. Balance the benefits and risks of longer working hours.

　　D. Encourage early retirement.

　　答案

　　46.C 47.B 48.B 49.B 50.C

　　解析

　　46 题：定位第一段第三句 “This gap is growing”，“gap” 对应选项 C 中的 “working hour gap”，“growing” 与 “expanding” 同义替换，故选 C。

　　47 题：根据第一段第四句 “The rich are working longer because technology and globalization have made their skills more valuable”，直接匹配选项 B 的表述，因果关系一致，故选 B。

　　48 题：定位第一段倒数第二句 “Population aging is also pushing up the average working week”，原文复现选项 B 的核心信息，故选 B。

　　49 题：第二段第二句提到 “it may widen the gap between the rich and the poor”，“widen the gap” 与选项 B “Wider wealth gap” 同义，故选 B。

　　50 题：第二段最后一句 “Governments need to consider how to balance the benefits...against the risks”，直接对应选项 C，故选 C。

　　第二篇：选词填空（粮食危机）

　　原文

　　The world is facing a potential food crisis. A new study warns that the rate of crop yield growth is (51) ______ in many countries. Compared with the 1980s, the growth rate of grain production in the 1990s and 2000s has (52) ______. What is more (53) ______ is that the slowdown is more severe in populous countries. Wheat and rice yields, which are crucial for food security, are growing at a (54) ______ rate than before. Experts (55) ______ that the current assumptions about future food production may be overly optimistic.

　　选项

　　A. declining B. alarming C. slower D. fallen E. warn

　　F. rising G. steadily H. slightly I. predict J. concerning

　　答案

　　51.A 52.D 53.B 54.C 55.E

　　解析

　　51 题：根据上下文 “food crisis”“slowdown”，此处需表 “下降” 的词，“is declining”（正在下降）符合时态和语义，故选 A。

　　52 题：前文提到 “growth rate”，此处需完成时谓语动词，“has fallen”（已经下降）符合逻辑，与 “declining” 形成语义呼应，故选 D。

　　53 题：修饰 “what is more” 后的.内容，“alarming”（令人担忧的）对应 “more severe in populous countries” 的负面语境，故选 B。

　　54 题：后文 “than before” 提示比较级，“slower rate”（更低的速度）符合 “slowdown” 的核心话题，故选 C。

　　55 题：此处需谓语动词，“warn”（警告）与后文 “overly optimistic” 形成语义匹配，且符合专家的身份，故选 E。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 10

　　原文

　　Pew Research Center surveys show that most people believe women are just as intelligent and innovative as men. However, women are still underrepresented in top leadership positions. Why? Some experts argue that women’s failures in leadership may be related to family responsibilities. Many women have to balance work and childcare, which can limit their career advancement.

　　Another factor is gender bias. Even though attitudes towards women leaders have improved, some people still hold traditional views that men are more suitable for leadership roles. There are opposing opinions on whether women make good leaders. Some studies show that women leaders are more likely to prioritize teamwork and communication, while others believe men are more decisive.

　　To promote gender equality in leadership, societies need to address family-friendly policies and challenge gender stereotypes. Companies should provide more flexible work arrangements and equal opportunities for promotion.

　　题目

　　What do Pew Research Center surveys reveal?

　　A. Women are less intelligent than men.

　　B. Women are as intelligent and innovative as men.

　　C. Men are more suitable for leadership.

　　D. Women are better at teamwork.

　　Why do women face difficulties in leadership positions?

　　A. They lack professional skills.

　　B. They are not decisive enough.

　　C. Family responsibilities and gender bias.

　　D. They are not supported by their families.

　　What is a characteristic of women leaders according to some studies?

　　A. They value teamwork and communication.

　　B. They are more ambitious.

　　C. They are less emotional.

　　D. They focus more on personal success.

　　What do some people still believe about leadership?

　　A. Women should not work outside the home.

　　B. Men are more suitable for leadership roles.

　　C. Women leaders are more effective.

　　D. Leadership has nothing to do with gender.

　　What should societies do to promote gender equality in leadership?

　　A. Force companies to hire more women leaders.

　　B. Ignore traditional views on gender.

　　C. Improve family-friendly policies and challenge stereotypes.

　　D. Encourage women to give up family responsibilities.

　　答案

　　51.B 52.C 53.A 54.B 55.C

　　解析

　　51 题：定位第一段首句 “most people believe women are just as intelligent and innovative as men”，选项 B 与原文完全一致，故选 B。

　　52 题：第一段第三句提到 “related to family responsibilities”，第二段首句指出 “Another factor is gender bias”，选项 C 概括了两个核心原因，故选 C。

　　53 题：第二段最后一句 “women leaders are more likely to prioritize teamwork and communication”，“prioritize” 与选项 A “value” 同义，故选 A。

　　54 题：第二段第二句 “some people still hold traditional views that men are more suitable for leadership roles”，选项 B 直接复现原文，故选 B。

　　55 题：最后一段首句 “need to address family-friendly policies and challenge gender stereotypes”，选项 C 与原文表述一致，故选 C。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 11

　　原文

　　A. Many people avoid arguments because they fear conflict. However, avoiding disagreement can prevent your business and career from advancing. Constructive debates can help teams make better decisions.

　　B. To foster a culture of debate, leaders should encourage people to disagree and argue freely. This creates an open environment where new ideas can emerge.

　　C. The purpose of holding a debate is not to win or lose, but to find out the truth about an issue. By exchanging different views, participants can gain a deeper understanding of the problem.

　　D. In friendly debates, participants take care not to hurt each other’s feelings. They focus on the issue rather than personal attacks.

　　E. After a successful debate, it is important to acknowledge the contribution of all participants. This shows respect and encourages future collaboration.

　　F. Debate skills are essential in many fields, such as law, politics, and business. They help people express their views clearly and persuade others.

　　G. Some people are afraid of being judged during debates. However, overcoming this fear can boost confidence and improve communication skills.

　　题目

　　Avoiding arguments may hinder your professional development.

　　Leaders should create an environment that encourages disagreement.

　　The goal of a debate is to discover the truth of a matter.

　　Friendly debaters focus on the issue and avoid hurting others.

　　It is necessary to recognize the contributions of debate participants.

　　答案

　　61.A 62.B 63.C 64.D 65.E

　　解析

　　61 题：题干 “hinder your professional development” 与 A 段 “prevent your business and career from advancing” 同义替换，核心语义一致，故选 A。

　　62 题：题干 “encourages disagreement” 与 B 段 “encourage people to disagree and argue freely” 直接匹配，故选 B。

　　63 题：题干 “goal...to discover the truth” 与 C 段 “purpose...to find out the truth” 同义，“matter” 对应 “issue”，故选 C。

　　64 题：题干 “focus on the issue and avoid hurting others” 与 D 段 “focus on the issue rather than personal attacks”“take care not to hurt each other’s feelings” 语义一致，故选 D。

　　65 题：题干 “recognize the contributions” 与 E 段 “acknowledge the contribution” 同义替换，故选 E。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 12

　　原文

　　Marriage vows often promise “till death do us part,” but not all marriages last. Research shows that marriage can have a positive impact on health, but divorce can be harmful. People who are divorced are more likely to suffer from serious health problems than those who are married. This may be because divorced people often lack social support and have higher levels of stress.

　　Women are more vulnerable to the negative effects of divorce. They are more likely to experience financial difficulties and emotional distress. Society should provide more support for divorced women, such as counseling services and financial assistance.

　　Married people, on the other hand, tend to live longer. They have someone to encourage healthy habits and provide care during illness. However, not all marriages are beneficial. Unhappy marriages can also lead to poor health, as constant conflict causes stress and anxiety.

　　题目

　　What does research show about marriage and health?

　　A. Marriage has no impact on health.

　　B. Marriage can benefit health.

　　C. Divorce is better for health than an unhappy marriage.

　　D. Married people always live longer.

　　Why are divorced people more likely to have health problems?

　　A. They have more free time.

　　B. They lack social support and face more stress.

　　C. They are more likely to engage in unhealthy habits.

　　D. They have financial problems.

　　Who is more affected by the negative effects of divorce?

　　A. Men.

　　B. Women.

　　C. Children.

　　D. The elderly.

　　What should society do for divorced women?

　　A. Provide more support and assistance.

　　B. Encourage them to remarry.

　　C. Ignore their difficulties.

　　D. Blame them for the divorce.

　　What can we learn about unhappy marriages?

　　A. They are better than divorce.

　　B. They can also cause poor health.

　　C. They have no impact on mental health.

　　D. They always lead to divorce.

　　答案

　　56.B 57.B 58.B 59.A 60.B

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 13

　　Passage One

　　We all take a little extra effort to look nice for special occasions. But does what we wear actually influence how we perform or how others perceive us? Science says yes. The right outfit can give us a subtle edge in various situations, from job interviews to daily work interactions.

　　Research has shown that clothing affects not just others’ impressions of us, but also our own psychological states. For example, wearing clothes that we perceive as "powerful" can boost our confidence and even enhance our cognitive abilities. This phenomenon is known as "enclothed cognition". When we put on clothes associated with competence, we start to behave in ways that align with that perception.

　　The impact of clothing on social interactions is also significant. People tend to form initial judgments based on appearance within seconds. A well-groomed look often leads others to assume positive traits such as reliability and professionalism. However, overly formal attire might create distance in casual social settings. On the contrary, casual clothes can make people feel more approachable, fostering more natural and relaxed communication.

　　Certain clothing styles have become closely linked to specific outcomes. Tailored jackets, for instance, are commonly associated with being "dressed for success". Studies have found that people wearing such jackets are more likely to adopt a strategic mindset, which is particularly beneficial in business negotiations or important meetings. This is because the clothing triggers a mental association with professionalism and achievement.

　　What does science suggest the right dress may do?

　　A) Add to our advantage in work and life.

　　B) Make us more popular among colleagues.

　　C) Help us make more friends in social settings.

　　D) Improve our physical health indirectly.

　　Why does the clothes people wear affect their interaction with others?

　　A) Because it changes others’ physical reactions to them.

　　B) By impacting how we feel about ourselves.

　　C) Because it determines others’ educational background judgment.

　　D) By changing the way others communicate languages.

　　How do tailored jackets help people in business?

　　A) They make people look more attractive.

　　B) They help people save time in negotiations.

　　C) They enable people to have the right mentality for doing business.

　　D) They allow people to gain more trust from partners easily.

　　What is the effect of overly formal attire in casual social settings?

　　A) It may make people feel stressed.

　　B) It might create distance between people.

　　C) It will make people look unconfident.

　　D) It may lead to misunderstandings.

　　What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A) The history of formal clothing development.

　　B) How clothing influences people’s states and interactions.

　　C) The differences between formal and casual clothes.

　　D) Tips on choosing appropriate clothes for different occasions.

　　答案及解析

　　A。细节题。根据第一段最后一句 “The right outfit can give us a subtle edge in various situations, from job interviews to daily work interactions” 可知，合适的着装能在求职面试到日常工作沟通等多种场景中为我们带来些许优势，对应 A 选项 “增加我们在工作和生活中的优势”。

　　B。细节题。由第二段第一句 “Research has shown that clothing affects not just others’ impressions of us, but also our own psychological states” 及后文 enclothed cognition 的解释可知，着装会影响自身心理状态，进而影响与他人的互动，B 选项符合文意。

　　C。细节题。根据第四段 “Studies have found that people wearing such jackets are more likely to adopt a strategic mindset, which is particularly beneficial in business negotiations” 可知，西装外套能让人形成适合商务场景的'战略思维，即拥有开展商务活动的合适心态，C 选项正确。

　　B。细节题。第三段明确提到 “overly formal attire might create distance in casual social settings”，即过于正式的着装在休闲社交场合可能会产生距离感，B 选项为原文同义转述。

　　B。主旨题。文章围绕着装展开，先后阐述着装对自身心理状态和与他人互动两方面的影响，B 选项全面概括文章核心内容，其余选项均未涵盖文章主旨。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 14

　　Passage

　　A. The process of extracting juice from fruits will destroy some natural nutrients that are hard to be preserved.B. Many consumers are willing to pay premium prices for fruit and vegetable juices as they believe in their health benefits.C. Whole fruits are rich in fibre, while fruit juice loses most of the fibre during processing.D. A research paper published in a medical journal points out that moderate consumption of fruit juice can bring certain health benefits.E. Some health bloggers claim that juice detox programs can eliminate toxins from the body, which has attracted many followers.F. Fibre-rich diets are closely related to reducing the risk of chronic diseases like heart disease and diabetes.G. An nutrition expert argues that juicing discards a lot of nutrients that exist in fruit peels and pulp.H. The booming juice industry has driven many farmers to switch to growing fruits suitable for juicing.I. Studies consistently show that excessive intake of fruit juice leads to calorie surplus, which is harmful to health.J. The digestion of whole fruit requires breaking down its cell structure, which slows down the absorption of fructose.K. The promotion of juice’s health value has made the industry highly profitable in recent years.L. Contrary to the idea that juice can reduce appetite, studies prove it does not decrease people’s consumption of other foods.M. Choosing fully ripe fruits for juicing can maximize the nutritional value of the juice obtained.

　　Questions

　　Fruit juice is different from whole fruit in that it contains much less fibre.

　　Some people believe a juice diet helps to rid our body of harmful or poisonous substances.

　　A lot of research comes to the same conclusion that fruit juice does harm to the human body when it leads to surplus calories.

　　The claimed health benefits of fruit and vegetable juices have rendered the industry very profitable.

　　To increase the benefits of fruit juice to our health, we’d better choose ripe fruit to make juice.

　　Diets containing large amounts of fibre reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes and other health hazards.

　　Drinking fruit juice is beneficial on condition that it is consumed in reasonable amounts.

　　One expert claims that juicing wastes a lot of nutrients contained in fruits.

　　It takes some time for fruit’s cells to be digested and for fructose to be absorbed.

　　A lot of research has demonstrated that drinking fruit juice does not reduce our daily consumption of other foods.

　　答案及解析

　　C。题干核心信息为果汁和完整水果的区别是纤维少，C 选项提到完整水果富含纤维，果汁加工中流失大部分纤维，与之匹配。

　　E。题干讲部分人认为果汁饮食能排出体内有害物质，E 选项提到健康博主称果汁排毒能清除毒素，吸引众多追随者，二者内容一致。

　　I。题干指出大量研究认为果汁导致热量过剩时对身体有害，I 选项明确过量摄入果汁导致热量过剩危害健康，研究结论相符，相互匹配。

　　K。题干表明果蔬汁宣称的.健康益处让行业盈利丰厚，K 选项提到对果汁健康价值的推广使该行业近年利润可观，信息对应。

　　M。题干建议选成熟水果榨汁提升果汁健康价值，M 选项指出选完全成熟水果榨汁能最大化果汁营养价值，表述一致。

　　F。题干说高纤维饮食降低心脏病、糖尿病等患病风险，F 选项提到高纤维饮食与降低心脏病等慢性病风险密切相关，相互匹配。

　　D。题干强调适量喝果汁有益，D 选项提到医学期刊论文指出适度饮用果汁有一定健康益处，内容相符。

　　G。题干讲专家称榨汁浪费水果中大量营养，G 选项指出营养专家认为榨汁丢弃果皮和果肉中的诸多营养，信息对应。

　　J。题干表明水果细胞消化和果糖吸收需耗时，J 选项提到完整水果消化需破坏细胞结构，会减缓果糖吸收，表述一致。

　　L。题干指出研究证明喝果汁不会减少其他食物摄入量，L 选项提到研究证实果汁不会降低人们对其他食物的消耗，相互匹配。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 15

　　Passage

　　Why do people keep buying bottled water despite its negative impact on the environment? The answer lies in a mix of marketing tricks and human psychology.

　　A litre of tap water costs less than half a penny, while a litre of bottled water can cost well over a pound, especially for premium brands. Yet sales in the UK reached a record 558.4 million last year, even as people become more aware of plastic pollution. This contradiction exists because clever marketing often beats rational thinking. Many ads highlight purity and convenience, making bottled water seem a healthier choice than tap water.

　　The environmental cost is staggering. Producing and shipping plastic water bottles uses huge amounts of fossil fuels. Moreover, most plastic bottles end up in landfills or oceans, causing long-term damage to ecosystems. San Francisco has taken action by banning single-use bottles from city property and events, setting an example for other cities.

　　Some big companies are adapting to the criticism. PepsiCo, which owns several bottled water brands, bought SodaStream—a company selling machines that turn tap water into bubbly drinks. It also launched reusable bottles that work with tap water and flavour packets. These moves show that companies are starting to respond to environmental and health concerns.

　　However, changing consumer habits is not easy. People’s preference for bottled water is deeply rooted in the convenience it offers. Carrying a bottle around is easier than finding a water fountain, a common sight in cities before bottled water gained popularity. To reduce plastic waste, experts suggest increasing the number of public water fountains and encouraging the use of reusable containers.

　　Why do people buy bottled water despite its high price?

　　A) Tap water is often unavailable in many places.

　　B) Clever marketing makes it seem a better choice.

　　C) It is cheaper than other bottled drinks.

　　D) It tastes much better than tap water.

　　What is the environmental cost of bottled water mentioned in the passage?

　　A) It pollutes the soil and air severely.

　　B) It leads to a shortage of drinking water.

　　C) Its production and shipping consume lots of fossil fuels.

　　D) It destroys the habitats of land animals.

　　What action did PepsiCo take to respond to criticism?

　　A) It stopped producing bottled water completely.

　　B) It bought a company that produces tap water flavourings.

　　C) It launched reusable bottles matching tap water and flavour packets.

　　D) It donated money to environmental protection organizations.

　　What was common in cities before bottled water became popular?

　　A) Public water fountains.

　　B) Plastic recycling stations.

　　C) Free tap water stalls.

　　D) Eco-friendly drink shops.

　　What do experts suggest to reduce plastic waste from bottled water?

　　A) Raising the price of bottled water.

　　B) Banning bottled water nationwide.

　　C) Promoting reusable containers and more public fountains.

　　D) Educating consumers on plastic pollution through media.

　　答案及解析

　　B。细节题。根据第二段 “clever marketing often beats rational thinking. Many ads highlight purity and convenience, making bottled water seem a healthier choice” 可知，巧妙的营销让瓶装水看起来是更好的.选择，这是人们不顾高价购买的原因，B 选项正确。

　　C。细节题。第三段明确提到 “Producing and shipping plastic water bottles uses huge amounts of fossil fuels”，即瓶装水的生产和运输消耗大量化石燃料，这是其带来的环境成本，C 选项符合文意。

　　C。细节题。第四段指出百事公司收购 SodaStream，并推出可重复使用的瓶子，适配自来水和调味包，C 选项为其中一项举措，符合题意。

　　A。细节题。最后一段提到 “a common sight in cities before bottled water gained popularity” 指代前文的 water fountains，即瓶装水流行前，城市里常见公共饮水机，A 选项正确。

　　C。细节题。文章末尾专家建议 “increasing the number of public water fountains and encouraging the use of reusable containers”，C 选项是该建议的同义转述。

　　大学英语四级阅读理解题及解析 16

　　Passage

　　The CA scan, short for Computerized Axial Tomography, is a revolutionary medical imaging technology. Unlike regular X-rays that only show flat images, CA scans provide 360-degree cross-sectional views of the body’s internal structures. This makes it easier for doctors to detect diseases and injuries that are hard to spot with traditional X-rays.

　　Doctors rely on CA scans to diagnose a wide range of conditions, from brain tumors to broken bones. For example, in emergency rooms, CA scans can quickly show if a patient has internal bleeding after an accident. The process involves sending a thin beam of X-rays to scan the body and rotating around the patient from multiple angles. A computer then analyzes the data and produces clear images on a screen.

　　However, CA scans are not without drawbacks. They expose patients to higher doses of radiation than regular X-rays. Long-term or frequent exposure to such radiation may increase the risk of certain diseases. To reduce this risk, doctors usually only recommend CA scans when necessary. They also take steps like adjusting the radiation dose based on a patient’s age and body size.

　　Another challenge is the cost. CA scan machines are expensive to buy and maintain, which makes the procedure more costly than other imaging tests. Despite these issues, the CA scan remains an essential tool in modern medicine. It saves countless lives by enabling early and accurate diagnosis.

　　What is the advantage of CA scans over regular X-rays?

　　A) They are much cheaper.

　　B) They provide 360-degree cross-sectional views.

　　C) They expose patients to no radiation.

　　D) They can be done more quickly.

　　Why are CA scans widely used in emergency rooms?

　　A) They can quickly detect internal bleeding after accidents.

　　B) They are easy to operate even for new doctors.

　　C) They are the cheapest imaging tool.

　　D) They cause no pain to patients.

　　What is a drawback of CA scans?

　　A) They can’t detect brain tumors.