2018广东高考英语时闻型阅读理解题
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广东高考英语时闻型阅读理解题
They already guide blind and disabled people; now dogs are to be trained to help people with dementia(痴呆)or Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's disease can make people confuse night and day or forget basic things such as washing or drinking enough water.
The dogs will be trained to respond to sound triggers(触发器) in the home that cause them to perform tasks.The duties will include reminding their owners to take medicine, as well as encouraging them to eat, drink and sleep regularly.
The idea was developed by design students at the Glasgow School of Art and will now be put into practice by Alzheimer's Scotland and Dogs for the Disabled.The first dogs will be distributed to four Scottish couples, where one of the partners is in the early stages of dementia.Some 670,000 people in Britain have dementia and one in three over 65s will develop the condition.By 2021 this is expected to rise to one million.
Joyce Gray of Alzheimer's Scotland said，“People in the early stages of dementia are still able to live a relatively normal life, and dogs help to maintain routine.”Another advantage of using the pets as companions is that dogs can give them a sense of silent support and companionship.Ms Gray said，“The evidence is that people may forget familiar faces but not pets.It's such a strong bond that people often remember them longest.People don't need to communicate verbally(言语地) but they can still interact.You can have a speechless bond.”
Helen McCain, director of Dogs for the Disabled, said，“People with dementia often forget to take the medicine.If a dog presents them with a bag with pills in it, there's a greater chance of them taking it.The dogs would also encourage the owner to take them out for walks, ensuring they keep exercising and interacting with other people.”
1.In Britain people with dementia ________.
A.are likely to increase in number
B.are mostly over 65 years old
C.will be trained to respond to sound triggers
D.will be able to live a relatively normal life
2.The dogs are taught to perform tasks by ________.
A.making some sound signals
B.communicating with the patients
C.reminding the patients by barking
D.reacting to some sound triggers
3What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Faces. B.Triggers.
C.Pets. D.Companions.
4.What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A.The idea of dogs for the dementia was developed by students.
B.Dogs are trained to assist Alzheimer's patients.
C.British people with Alzheimer's disease are in poor condition.
D.The dementia dogs perform most duties of a doctor.
高考英语复习讲义
1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有
①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;
②and前后动词时态不一致;
③主谓不一致;
④缺少动词,特别是be动词;
⑤第三人称单数形式错用;
⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改为do，错误类型属于①)
As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改为visited, 错误类型属于②)
Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④)
Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改为were，错误类型属于③)
2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。
I’ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改为subjects)
Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改为words) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系
who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。
I havea good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式，改为whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的`关系而非转折，but改为and)
Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意为“尽管”，不能再跟but连用，所以去掉but)
4. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);
误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the，thesame 是固定搭配)
Aseveryone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可数名词，故have后加a)
5. 形容词和副词错误：系动词后用形容词
(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible.)
高考英语词汇用法复习资料
from的用法
1. 注意不要因汉语习惯的影响，误用 from：
自1990年以来他直住在这里。
正：He has lived here since 1990.
误：He has lived here from 1990.
太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。
正：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
误：The sun rises from in the east and sets from the west.
展览会将从星期三开始。
正：The exhibition will begin on Monday.
误：The exhibition will begin from Monday.
2. 其后可接副词或介词短语。如：
It’s a short distance from here. 从这儿去不远。
The cat jumped out from under the bed. 猫从床底下跳出来。
He chose three from among these books. 他从这些书当中选了3本。
正因为可接介词短语作宾语，所以下面这句中的 from where 就不难理解了。如：
He hid himself in a tree, from where he could seethe ememy in the distance. 他躲在一棵树上，从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人 。
3. 从今天起多久以后 ，用“一段时间+from today ” 。如：
Threeweeks from today is a holiday. 从今天起放三周假。
I’ll comeback a month from today. 我下个月的今天回来。
4. 关于 from…to…：
用于时间、地点、变化、数目等。如：
I worked there from Mayto August. 我从5月至8月在那儿工作。
They flew from Paris toRome. 他们坐飞机从巴黎到罗马。
There’re from sixty to eightypeople present. 出席的有60至80人。
Things went rapidly frombad to worse. 情况很快变得越来越糟。
用于时间时，可用 from…till, until, through。如：
We workfrom Monday to [till, until, through] Friday. 我们从星期一工作到星期五。
但是若没有 from 则不能用 to。如：
I stayed there till [until, through, up to] September. 一直到九月我都住在那儿。
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