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英语感谢技巧
心理学研究表明，表达感谢可以显著提升个人的幸福感和满足感。当我们对他人的帮助表示感谢时，不仅能够增强彼此的信任感与亲密感，还能够促进人际关系的良性发展。下面是英语感谢技巧，欢迎参考！
[摘要]感谢是指对他人的施惠行为(例如他人给予的帮助和好处等)表示认可、谢意或感激之情，是融洽人与人之间关系的常见礼貌言语行为。大量的研究证明，非母语者在用所学的语言进行交际时，交际双方往往根据各自母语文化的礼貌规范对其言语行为进行诠释、表达，而各种文化差异常常会导致语用失误，甚至产生负面影响。本文对汉英感谢的显著差异进行探讨，以帮助减少或避免我国学生用英语交际时的语用失误。
[关键词]感谢 礼貌 文化差异 语用失误
一、引语
感谢是世界各文化都普遍遵循的礼仪，是融洽人与人之间关系的常见言语行为。Searle (1976)将言语行为划分为五类：阐述类(representatives)，指令类(directives)，表述类(expressives)，承诺类(commisives)和宣告类(declarations)，感谢属于表述类(表达说话人的某种心理状态)，指受惠方对他人的施惠行为(例如他人给予的帮助和好处等)表示认可、谢意或感激之情。Leech (1983)从社会功能的角度把言语行为划分为四类：竞争类(the competitive)，和谐类(the convivial)，协作类(the collaborative)和抵触类(the conflictive)。感谢属于convivial(和谐)类。恰当地表达感谢，有助于建立、巩固良好的人际关系、营造友好和睦的社会氛围。反之，感谢语使用不当或应该使用时没有使用，会被视为无礼表现，对人际关系造成负面影响。Brown & Levinson (1987)认为，表达感谢等于承认欠施惠方的情。因此，表达感谢要讲究策略。
大量的研究证明，在跨文化交际中，不同母语的交际双方往往会根据各自母语文化中的语言礼貌准则对交际的各方面进行诠释、理解(Gumperz and Cook-Gumperz，1982)。当非英语母语者用英语和英语母语者交流时，文化差异的语用负迁移可能会引起对非母语者整个品质、形象错误的判断(Kotani，2002)。
由于东西方文化差异，汉英感谢存在明显的差异。因此，有必要对此进行探索，以帮助减少或避免我国学生用英语表达感谢时的语用失误，乃至对整个形象的负面影响。
二、国内外研究
1.国外研究
Aijmer (1996)利用London-Lund Corpus，Survey of English Usage，the Birmingham Corpus of English Texts 的资料，辅之以作者本人收集的数据，从作用、形式以及策略等方面对感谢进行了详尽的分析。她认为Thank you的社会作用在于承认或认可从他人(的行为中)得到了好处，即便是很小的好处：如售票员递票给乘客，银行职员从柜台上递钱给顾客，侍者为顾客端来一杯咖啡等。并把英语中感谢的最基本形式Thank you/thanks的主要作用概括如下：(Thank you/thanks是最基本的词语，在此基础上可以进行增补和加强，以显得更礼貌，如：“Thank you very much indeed”，“Thanks ever so”)
ⅰ承认得到好处;
ⅱ递给自己东西，认可得到好处;
ⅲ提前表达感谢(如服务，主动提供，许诺等);
ⅳ不再需要某人或某人的服务;
ⅴ接受会话结束的标志(特别是电话中);
ⅵ会话结束(e.g.Eisenstein & Bodman，1986;1993);
ⅶ接受主动提供;
ⅷ寒暄(如：作为对“how are you”的回答，“fine，thanks”除了寒暄，几乎没有什么实际功能，仅仅是让问话的人感觉舒服而已。
ⅸ结合不同的音调，可以表示懊恼，讥讽，挖苦和唐突无礼(e.g.Eisenstein & Bodman，1986;1993;Okamoto & Robinson，1997);
消极请求。如：“Thank you for not smoking”——请求听话者不要抽烟。
(根据Aijmer(1996)整理)
Thank you/thanks在会话序列中出现的地方不同，作用也不同，如：Thank you 作为会话标志，表示服务的各个阶段。在餐馆里或售票处，我们可以常常听见以下的对话(Coulmas，1981)：
(情景：售票员递来车票)
Conductor：Thank you.(递票时)
Passenger：Thank you.(接过票时)
Conductor：Thank you.(结束对话)
Aston (1995)认为在结束会话时的thank you反映了对谈话的局部调整，是对所谈之事和双方角色关系的认定。通过比较自然状态下录下的为别人提供服务的数据(语言分别为英语和意大利语)，指出跨文化差异在外语教学中的重要性。
Okamoto & Robinson (1997)对228人进行现场试验(不同的情景变量下为受惠者开一大学图书馆的门)和对120个在校大学生进行问卷调查，旨在研究影响英国人表达感谢的因素。 研究发现，受惠者受惠的程度越高，他们通常会越礼貌地表达谢意。研究结果支持Brown and Levinson (1987)的礼貌理论。
Coulmas (1981) 首先对西方文化中“感谢”和“道歉”进行对比研究，发现“感谢”和“道歉”都是对前面的话语或情景的回应，有些回答可以同时用于“感谢”和“道歉”，如，
(1)A：Thank you so much.B：That’s all right.
A：Thanks a lot.B：Not at all.
(2)A：Excuse me please. B：That’s all right.
A：I’m sorry.B：Not at all.
(Coulmas，1981：72)
她认为，把“感谢”和“道歉”相连的纽带是“亏欠(indebtedness)”。而 Aijmer (1996) 认为感谢和道歉根本相似处是两者都属于表述性言语行为(表达说话者的一种心理状态)。Coulmas 然后对日语中的“感谢”和“道歉”进行研究以考察东西方文化的差异，发现日本文化中更常用“道歉”。很多时候，西方文化的学生认为日本人“道歉”得毫无道理，因为他们没有做错事情(Kotani，2002)。事实上，在日语里，“道歉”很多时候是用来表达感谢的(e.g.Eisenstein & Bodman，1993)。用道歉的形式，如“Sorry，”“I am sorry”，表示感谢也存在于英语文化中(Okamoto & Robinson，1997)，只是不太普遍而已。
Kotani(2002)专门对 “I’m sorry” 进行了研究。通过分析日本人和美国人用英语在自然情景下的录音对话，作者认为日语中的“sumimasen”，即“I’m sorry”可以用来表达英语中的“感谢”和“道歉”两个概念，主要强调给施惠方带来的麻烦和负担。通过对同日本人有接触、正在学日语的在校美国大学生的采访和分析，发现美国人的困惑是难以区分日本人的“I’m sorry”的礼节性的和实质性的道歉。可见，不同文化对“I’m sorry”的不同理解很可能造成误解。
Eisenstein & Bodman(1986;1993)通过自然观察、书面/口头问卷和角色模仿等方式，从英语母语者和母语主要为汉语、朝鲜语、日语、俄语和西班牙语、正在美国学习的学生(他们在美国的平均时间为两年)获取的数据进行分析研究，发现这些英语水平很高的非英语母语者在受惠程度很高的情景下，找不到合适的言语方式来充分、恰当表达自己的感激之情：不仅表现在语用语言方面，也表现在社会语用方面。其研究结果表明，外语学习者通常只认识到表达感谢的普遍性，没有意识到跨文化中的重大差异。
英语感谢范文 1
dear (bosss name),
i appreciated the opportunity to meet with you yesterday about the position of (job title)
with (company name).
i really enjoyed meeting with members of the office and learning about the job. the entire
team certainly seem to be highly skilled and motivated and the work itself seems as
rewarding as it is challenging. from our discussion,i gained a strong sense of
(company names commitment to their clients and their employees. i also enjoyed our
discussion of my opportunities and future within the firm.
i feel strongly that i possess the qualities required as a (job title). i believe my education
and experiences have prepared me well for a future with you. i eagerly anticipate our next meeting. thank you for considering me for this opportunity.
sincerely,
(signature)
英语感谢范文2
Dear Mary,
I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help when I was in difficulty. You have been very kind and helpful since we knew each other.
Last week, I caught a bad cold and had to stay at home for a week.
When I was worrying about the lessons, you came to my home after school and helped me with every subject. With your help, I didn’t fall behind others.
Again, thanks so much for your enthusiastic help. Even though you are to about to go abroad for further education I know that I will always stay in touch with you.
I wish you every success in the future and I hope we can exchange more viewpoints on study.
Please keep in touch, and drop in and visit us whenever you are in this part of the world.
Very sincerely,Li Ming
英语感谢范文3
Dear Fans：
I am writing this letter to express my heartfelt gratitude to all of you. It is because of your unrelenting support that I have achieved my dreams and made my mark in the world of entertainment. Without your love and devotion, I wouldnt be where I am today.
Your unwavering support has been instrumental in helping me grow as an artist. You have been a constant source of inspiration, and your encouragement has kept me going even during the toughest times. I cant thank you enough for being there for me, always.
I am humbled by the love that you have shown me through the years. Your kind words, thoughtful gifts, warm messages, and unwavering loyalty have lifted my spirits and given me the confidence to keep pushing forward. Every like, comment, and share on my posts is a testament to your support and it means the world to me.
The greatest joy in my life is knowing that I have a community of such amazing people who believe in me and my work. You are the pillars of my success and I cant thank you enough for being my biggest cheerleaders. Every time I step on stage, I am reminded of your love and it fills me with renewed energy.
In conclusion, I want to express my deepest gratitude to each and every one of you. Thank you for your constant love, support and encouragement. I promise to work harder every day to live up to your expectations and make you proud.
With all my love and appreciation,[Your Name]
英语感谢范文4
Dear Mom and Dad，
I want to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for everything that you have done for me. As I grow older, I realize that I owe everything to you, and that no amount of appreciation would be enough to compensate for all your sacrifices and hard work.
From the very beginning, you supported and encouraged me to pursue my dreams. You never let me doubt my abilities or feel alone in the face of challenges. You devoted countless hours to help me with my homework, drove me to sports practices and music lessons, and cheered for me at every game and concert.
Most importantly, you taught me the values of kindness, honesty, and perseverance by setting an example through your own actions. You always went out of your way to help others, even when you had little to spare. You told me the truth, even if it was hard to hear. You never gave up, even when things got tough.
Now that I’m older, I can see how much these lessons have shaped my life. They have given me the strength, confidence, and compassion necessary to face the real world. They have also given me a sense of purpose and a desire to make a positive impact on others, just like you did for me.
I can’t possibly put into words how grateful I am for all that you have done, but I hope that this letter serves as a small token of my appreciation. Please know that every accomplishment, every milestone, and every joy in my life is a reflection of your love and support.
Thank you, Mom and Dad, for being the best parents I could ever ask for. I love you more than words can say.
Sincerely
[Your Name]
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