定语从句的谓语怎么用

　　定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relative word）引导的从句，以下是小编收集整理的关于定语从句的谓语怎么用的内容，仅供参考！

　　像句子My dad's got a camera that takes photos unger water.先行词 a camera是单数,从句that takes photos unger water的谓语动词就用takes

　　再如：The boys who are from America like China.这里主句是The boys like China.定语从句who are from America 修饰先行词the boys.因为the boys 是复数,所以定语从句who are from America 的谓语动词用复数are

　　如果还不明白,你可以倒过来做：把 1）The boys like China 2）THe boys are from America 两句改成定语从句.那么答案就是The boys who are from America like China

　　附：关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

　　1）when, where, why

　　关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如：

　　There are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

　　Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

　　Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

　　2）that代替关系副词

　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和介词+ which引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：

　　His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

　　He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

　　同位语从句讲解与练习

　　1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。

　　2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： 1. 连词that引导同位语从句

　　（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）

　　The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）

　　【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气

　　There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。

　　【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略

　　He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

　　2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）

　　The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。

　　附：其它引导词引导的同位语从句

　　连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which引导同位语从句

　　1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。（what作定语）

　　2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。（which作定语）

　　3).The question who will take his place is still not clear. （who作主语）

　　4. 连接副词引导同位语从句连接副词when, where, how, why

　　We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.

　　1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别

　　that引导的同位语从句/that引导的定语从句

　　1）句法

　　that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。

　　that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。

　　2）意义上

　　从句是被修饰名词的内容。从句起限定作用，是定语

　　The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省)

　　The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)

　　2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：

　　This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.

　　非谓语动词和定语从句有什么区别

　　非谓语动词就是动词的ing或者加ed形式,来补充修饰名词,如The girl standing in that street is my favorite friend.就是一个非谓语做定语来修饰名词的句子

　　如果改成定语从句就是The girl who stands in that street is my favorite friend.就是把非谓语恢复原来形式然后用which who that 等一些引导词来把句子衔接上。二者并没有什么本质的区别，作用都是为了把主语名词修饰的更具体更完整，使其更容易被理解，信息更加丰富。

　　只是定语从句显得更加丰富，整个句子更加饱满，语法更加复杂而已。而且如果所要修饰的名词内容和附加信息过多的时候用从句会显得更加有条理，思路清晰，而且容易表达连接，让人易懂。

　　相同点就是都是为了把所修饰的名词的信息更加准确的表达出来，都是为了句意来服务的尤其是为了所修饰的名词，就是为了把这个名词更加具体化，强调化。

　　二者因具体句子来定吧，短句或附加信息少而且不罗列就多用非谓语，长而复杂的语意结构就用定语从句。

　　非谓语从句

　　英语中的'非是整个当中非常重要的部分，也是学生学习的一个难点。其实，我们可以从从句的角度来解释非，弄清非谓语动词与从句的关系，这样会使学生对非谓语动词有更好的了解，学习起来更容易。

　　I. v-ing 形式与从句之间的转换

　　1. v-ing形式作主语可换成that引导的主语从句

　　Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French. That Tom knows English helps him in learning English.

　　Her being out of work was unexpected. That she was out of work was unexpected.

　　2. v-ing形式作宾语或宾补可换成that引导的宾语从句

　　I remember having paid him for his work. I remember that I have paid him for his work.

　　He suggests our making better use of the school library. He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.

　　3. v-ing形式作表语可换成that引导的表语从句

　　Our worry is your depending too much on him. Our worry is that you depend too much on him.

　　The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.

　　4. v-ing形式作定语可换成that, who, which引导的定语从句

　　We will study in the house facing south. We will study in the house that / which faces south.

　　The man talking to my teacher is my father. The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.

　　5. v-ing形式作状语可换成相应状语从句

　　On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.

　　While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.

　　另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句，也可和with结构转换。

　　He died, leaving his daughter much money. He died, and (he) left his daughter much money.

　　He died, with his daughter much money.

　　II. V-ed形式与从句之间的转换

　　1. v-ed形式作定语可换成定语从句

　　The question discussed yesterday is very important. The question that / which was discussed yesterday is very important.

　　The boy lost in thought is my brother. The boy who is lost in thought is my brother.

　　2. v-ed形式作宾补可换成宾语从句

　　I found the room broken into and a lot of things stolen. I found (that) the room had been broken into and a lot of things had been stolen.

　　3. v-ed形式作状语可换成状语从句

　　(If) heated, water will turn into steam. If it is heated, water will turn into steam.

　　Don't speak until spoken to. Don't speak until you are spoken to.

　　III. to do形式与从句的转换

　　1. to do形式作主语可转换成主语从句

　　When and where (for us) to hold the meeting is unknown yet. When and where we will hold the meeting is unknown yet.

　　They seemed to be eating something cooked on the fire. It seemed that they were eating something cooked on the fire.

　　2. to do形式作宾语或宾补可换成宾语从句

　　I don't know what to do with the matter. I don't know that I should do with the matter.

　　I warned him not to drive the car after drinking. I warned that he should not drive the car after drinking.

　　3. to do形式作表语可换成表语从句

　　My wish is to become a pilot after graduation. My wish is that I can become a pilot after graduation.

　　My only worry was for her not to have enough experience in it. My only worry was that she have enough experience in it.

　　4. to do形式作定语可换成定语从句

　　The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance. The meeting that / which will be held is of great importance.

　　He was the first to arrive and the last to leave. He was the first that arrived and the last that left.

　　5. to do形式作目的、结果、原因状语可转换成相应的状语从句

　　They started off early in order / so as to arrive in time. They started off early in order / so that they could arrive in time.

　　She was so excited as not to go to sleep. She was too excited to go to sleep.

　　She was so excited that she couldn't go to sleep.

　　定语从句改成非谓语的方法如下：

　　表示主动，正在进行的动作的时候，可以用现在分词来改写。如：

　　I know the girl who is talking to the teacher.

　　I know the girl talking to the teacher.

　　我认识正在和老师说话的那位女孩。

　　The woman who is waving from the window is my mom.

　　The woman waving from the window is my mom.

　　在窗户那边挥手的人是我妈妈。

　　2. 表示被动，已经完成的动作的时候，用过去分词来改写，如：

　　Shirts which are made of silk are very expensive.

　　Shirts made of silk are very expensive.

　　丝织的衬衫很贵。

　　I like the building which was designed by Mr. Wu.

　　I like the building designed by Mr. Wu.

　　我喜欢这栋被吴先生设计出来的大楼。

　　3. 表示将来的动作，用动词不定式来改写，如：

　　The problem which is going to be discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting.

　　The problem to be discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting.

　　明天要讨论的问题是我们的季度会议。

　　4. 表示正在被进行的动作，用现在分词的被动式来改写。如：

　　The problem which is being discussed now is our quarterly meeting.

　　The problem being discussed tomorrow is our quarterly meeting.

　　现在正在讨论的问题是我们的季度会议。

　　定语从句转换成非谓语动词以及转换时应注意的事项：

　　1定语从句转换成不定式

　　1.1定语从句转换成不定式“to do”。

　　定语从句的谓语动词是将来时或含有情态动词或含有序数词the next， the last等时，该定语从句转换为不定式“to do”.

　　（1）The plane which will arrive is from Hubei.

　　→The plane to arrive is from Hubei。

　　（2）The students will go to a party that will be held in our class at 7：45.

　　→The students will go to a party to be held in our class at 7：45.

　　（3）He was the first boy who came to school.

　　→He was the first boy to come to school.

　　1.2定语从句可转换成为“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”。 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”充当的定语，可以相互转换。被这种定语修饰的名词往往在逻辑上充当不定式动作的地点、时间或工具。例：

　　（1）She wanted a room in which she could do her homework.

　　→She wanted a room in which to do her homework.

　　（2）She had only a pen with which she can write.

　　→She had only a pen to write with.或She had only a pen with which to write.

　　注：定语从句转换成“介词+ 关系代词+不定式”时，此时的不定式一定是及物动词，如是不及物动词，则需在动词后面加上相应的介词。这个介词可提前到关系代词前面，也可留在句尾。前者是正式说法后者是非正式说法。而且上例中动词不定式与句子主语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，否则就不能简单地把作定语的不定式都变成此结构。

　　“He is looking for a place for his friend to live in”这句话。我们就不能将句中的a place for his friend to live in改为a place to live in或a place in which to live。

　　2定语从句可以转换为分词（短语）

　　当以关系代词引导的定语从句作定语，且关系代词在从句中作主语时，我们可以将定语从句转换成分词（短语）。

　　2.1定语从句可以转换为现在分词（短语）

　　如果定语从句的谓语是主动语态，且发生的时间与主句的谓语所表示的动作所发生的时间同时，此时可以将定语从句转换成现在分词短语）。

　　（1）Have you ever talked to the girl who is dancing to music over there？ →Have you ever talked to the girl dancing to music over there？

　　（2） The question that is being discussed is about how to improve living conditions.

　　→The question being discussed is about how to improve living conditions.

　　2.2定语从句可以转化为过去分词（短语）

　　如定语从句的谓语是被动语态，或是“系动词+过去分词（表语）”结构，且从句的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是在主句的谓语之前发生或无明确的时间。此时，我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词（短语）。有时定语从句谓语虽然是主动语态.但它表示的动作在主句谓语之前就已经完成，这时我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词（短语）。

　　（1）The report that was made yesterday will be discussed today.

　　→The report made yesterday will be discussed today.

　　（2）The dictionary which my mother bought for me is very useful.

　　→The dictionary bought for me by my mother is very useful.

　　但以下几种情况，一般不可把定语从句转换为分词（短语）。

　　1.虽关系代词作定语从句的主语，但如从句的谓语中含有情态动词，则不能转换成分词（短语）。

　　Those who must hand in their homework before 12 are studying hard now. 此句不宜转成：Those handing in their homework before 12 are studying hard now.

　　2.如关系代词在从句中作主语，且从句谓语是完成时的主动语态，一般不转换成分词（短语）。

　　例：The engineer who has finished his design is about to visit Hawaii.此举不宜转化为： The engineer having finished his design is about to visit Hawaii.

　　3.以关系代词which或as引起的非限制性定语从句，当关系代词指的是前面整个句子，将这个非限制性定语从句转换成分词（短语），其逻辑主语是其前面或后面的整个句子，但分词在这个在句子里结果状语。

　　例：The boy's parents died， which left him an orphan.

　　→His parents died， leaving him an orphan.

　　定语从句和非谓语动词解析：

　　熟悉非谓语动词的同学们应该都知道，非谓语动词包括to do, doing和done，这三类动词的特别之处就在于它们可以在句子里面充当除谓语以外的任何成分，其中一个非常重要的用法就是位于名词后作为名词的后置定语，比如：

　　The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.

　　以上例句里的非谓语动词的短语“bordering the deserts”就是用作定语来修饰前面的名词短语“the semiarid lands”。

　　很多同学很熟悉定语从句，而对非谓语动词的用法总是有种望而却步的感觉。

　　但是细心的同学肯定会发现，其实在语法家族里，当将非谓语动词用作后置定语的时候，它与定语从句的用法是一样的，两者是名副其实地长相不同，但却有血缘关系的“远房表亲”。比如，上面的例子我们就可以改写成定语从句：

　　The semiarid lands which border the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.

　　再如以下带有非谓语动词短语的句子：

　　Theorist adopting the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.

　　我们可以改成定语从句：

　　Theorist who adopt the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.

　　又如，以下的两个句子的意思是相同的：

　　1.What audience came to see was the magic made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.

　　2.What audience came to see was the magic that was made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.

　　在很多情况下，学生更容易理解定语从句。所以，下次在处理包含非谓语动词短语的长难句时，不妨将其改写成定语从句，方便我们理解长难句。

　　那么问题来了，定语从句和作定语的非谓语动词之前是否有某种特定的对应关系呢?答案是有的，关系如下：

　　Which be to do = to do(表主动/将来)

　　Which do... = doing...(表主动)

　　Which be done... = done...(表被动)