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高中定语从句讲解:who, whom, that的特殊用法

时间:2021-07-05 13:35:35 英语 我要投稿

高中定语从句讲解:who, whom, that的特殊用法

  定语从句讲解:who, whom, that的特殊用法:

  一、只能用that的情况,

  先行词为everything,all,little,much等不定代词时;

  先行词被all,every,no,any,some,little,much,one修饰时;

  先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时;

  先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;

  先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时;

  先行词有人又有物时;

  当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。

  二、which,that的用法

  1,which,that 用来指物(有六种情况只可用that而不用which)

  (用作主语、宾语,作宾语时可以省略),例如:

  (1)The prosperity which/that had never appeared before took on in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which/that在从句中作主语)

  (2)The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which/that在从句中作宾语)

  注:which在定语从句中指物,可作主语或及物动词或介词的宾语,作宾语时可省略;that在定语从句中既可指人又可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语,作宾语时可省略,指人时,相当于who或whom,指物时,相当于which,作介词宾语时,介词不可提到 that前,当介词提前时,需要用which或whom来代替。

  2、whose

(只用作定语)“whose”表示谁(可以为人也可以为物)的(东西)

  例:A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.双亲都死了的孩子叫做孤儿。(“whose parents”表示那个孩子的双亲)

  He lives in a room whose window faces south.他住的那个房子的窗户是朝南的。(“whose”表示那个房子的窗户)

  关系代词:在句中作主语、宾语或定语。

  1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,“which”代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略“that”在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,“which”在从句省略。[eg:This is the book (which)you want.]

  2.如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的`介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前面,但有的则放在它前面的位置。

  3. 代表物时的that常被省略;

  c)被形容词最高级修饰时;既有人又有物时;

  e)整个句中前面已有“which”,“why”行

  关系副词:在句中作状语

  关系副词=介词+关系代词

  why=for which

  where=in/ at/ on which(介词同先行词搭配)

  when=during/ on/ in/……

  1. “where”是关系副词,当然也不用“that”引导。

  By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 当你到达伦敦的时候,我们在那里已经待了两个星期。

  I still remember the place where I met her for the first time. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她的地方。

  Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc. 他每次出差都带着生活必需品,如毛巾,肥皂,牙刷等其他东西。

  2. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用“there is”开头。

  There is somebody here who wants to talk to you. 这里有人要和你说话。

  分作进一步说明,通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。

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