中级英语笔译必看实用翻译技巧
(7)近年来，中、泰两国国民经济发展迅速，为两国的经济、贸易合作提供了良好的基础。
(a) In recent years the national economies of China and Thailand have quickly developed, providing a good foundation for economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.
(b)Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of the national economies in China and Thailand，which has prepared for good economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.
(c)China and Thailand, with the rapid development of their national economies in recent years, have laid a good foundation for their economic and trade cooperation.
(d) The rapid development of the national economies of China and Thailand in recent years has laid a sound foundation for economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.
(彭开明：“翻译中的多种表达形式”，载《中国翻译》l995年第5期)
析：四种译文分别以economies, recent years，China and Thailand 和development作主语，与它们一一对应的谓语则在选词、搭配、时态、单复数上有较大差异，但每种英译文的主语和谓语搭配得当，符合逻辑，这是翻译句子主干成分必须遵循的原则。主、谓语确定之后，其它句子成分的安排要以与主语、谓语搭配协调、传意恰当为条件。
译文(a)以economies作主语，谓语由have quickly developed充当，原文中的“为两国的经济、贸易合作提供了良好的基础”在译文中以现在分词短语providing a good foundation…two countries译出，在译文中作伴随状语。
译文(b)以recent years作主语，谓语以have witnessed来充当。英语中常常可以用表示时间、地点或物质概念的无生命的名词充当主语。这里主、谓语突出，且语言简洁明了。谓语是及物动词，后需接宾语，the rapid development of the national economies in China and Thailand作宾语顺理成章。“为两国的经济、贸易合作提供了良好的基础”的逻辑主语是the rapid development…，故以非限定性定语从句译出，以which指代the rapid development，逻辑关系清楚。
译文(c)以China and Thailand作主语，“近年来，(中、泰)两国国民经济发展迅速”以由with引出的介词短语译出，置于谓语之前，作为下文中“为两国经济、贸易合作提供良好基础’’的前提，谓语和宾语以及其它成分用have laid a good foundation for their economic and trade cooperation译出，主、谓、宾搭配得当，其它成分的位置正确。
译文(d)突出说明了中、泰两国近年来经济的迅速发展，故以“the rapid development of the national economies of China and Thailand in recent years”作主语，两国国民经济的发展为两国的经济、贸易合作提供了良好的基础，译文顺理成章，用“has laid a sound foundation for economic and trade cooperation between the two countries"译出。
由此可见，句子其它成分的位置往往要依据主语和谓语来作相应的调整。
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