高考英语词汇辨析题
高考英语词汇(同义、近义、相似词)辨析题【2】
1. We can't _____ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.
A. hope B. wait C. expect D. imagine
C. expect.
expect期望,盼望,表示认为有很大的客观可能性,例如:I expect the work to be finished by Friday.(我期望这项工作能在星期五前做完。)wait for ... to do sth.等待、等待......做......,强调"等"这一动词
的本身,如:The audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(观众正等着演出开始。)本题如改为这样:I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他来赶上晚餐,但他没有来。)由此可见,expect是表示"期待",而wait for 是表示"等待",词义完全不同。
注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon. 3)I'm sorry, but I can't imagine anyone doing research like that.
本题译文:我们不能期望一个人在这样短的时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。
2. The noise was so _____ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.
A. dim B. soft C. faint D. gentle
C.faint.
faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)"微弱的,模糊的,不清楚的"。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的,看不清的;the dim light of a candle(微弱的烛光)。
3. His landlady gave him a week's _____ to leave the flat.
A. threat B. notice C. advice D. caution
B. notice.
notice预先通知(尤用雇主、雇员或房东、房客之间):give one's employee a month's notice (通知雇员一个月后离职)。本题译文:他的女房东通知他一周后从套间搬走。
4. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _____ at the other store.
A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones
D. the ones
代词one可以用来替代前面提到过的名词,以避免重复。如果它替代的名词是复数,则用ones。本题中它代替refrigerators;因特指,故用the ones.
5. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.
A. average B. ordinary C. regular D. normal
D. normal
normal正常的;ordinary普通的;average平均的;regular有规律的,定期的。
6. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.
A. process B. attention C. measure D. part
D. part.
take part in参加。
本题译文:显然,整个世界正经历着一场社会革命;科学家和技术人员必定是这场革命地主要参加者。
7. These plastic flowers look so _____ that many people think they are real.
A. beautiful B. natural C. artificial D. similar
B. natural.
8. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _____ to visit London on business.
A. opportunity B. possibility C. occasion D. chance
C. occasion. occasion 作可数名词时,意为"时机",作不可数名词时,意为"必要",本题中occasion意为"必要"。从句语法结构上看,本句中用opportunity(难得的)机会,chance(偶然的)机会均可,但按逻辑意思,应用occasion.
9. The most important _____ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.
A. element B. spot C. sense D. point
D. point. point(=chief idea of sth. said, done, or planned)要点;论点,主旨:I don't see your point.(我不明白你的意思。)He said nothing to the point.(他说的不切题。)
10. It has always been the _____ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities.
A. plan B. campaign C. procedure D. policy
D. policy. policy(尤指政党、政府、大企业、商行等的)政策,方针。campaign(政治或竞选的)运动;(军事的)行动,procedure做事的手续、程序,plan计划,均不合题意。
本题译文:本公司的一贯方针是鼓励工人参加社会活动。
11. I remember her face but I cannot _____ where I met her.
A. recall B. remind C. remember D. remark
A. recall.
recall(=bring back to the mind)想起,回忆起:But I really can't recall your name at his moment.
remind sb. of ...使......想起:1)The photo reminds me of my late father.(这张照片使我想起已故的父亲。) 2)The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.
remind sb. to sth.提醒......做......;Please remind me to write the letter.
12. He has left his book here on _____, so that you can read it.
A. purpose B. intention C. aim D. meaning
A. purpose. on purpose是介词习语,意为"故意地"。如用intention,则应说by intention故意地。
13. The open university was started in order to help those who _____ having a university education when they were young.
A. stopped B. failed C. missed D. ceased
C. missed. miss doing sth.没有做某事:I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(学校放映那部电影时,我没有能去看。)
14. We won't know whether it will be successful. We won't know whether there will be good _____.
A. ends B. results C. effects D. causes
B. results. result意为"由某种活动或某种原因所产生的结果",如:obtain(=get, attain, gain win, secure)good results(取得好结果),publish the results(公布成绩)。
15. Comrade Li Dazhao, _____ librarian of Beijing University, was one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party.
A. sometimes B. sometime C. some time D. some times
B. sometime. sometime(=former)过去的,以前的:Alice Brown, a sometime pupil of our school, is now a teacher there.
16.The patients believe that the doctor knows exactly how to put them _____.
A. correct B. perfect C. right D. well
C. right。put sth. /sb. right 纠正;治好,使恢复健康:Since man has done so much damage, it is up to man to put the matters right. (既然人类已造成了如此巨大的损害,人类有责任纠正这种状况。)又如:This medicine will soon put you right. (这药很快会使你恢复健康。)其他3个选择均不能与put 构成习语,故不能入选。本题译文:病人相信医生清楚地知道怎样治好他的病。
17. And you find that you're not to be _____ with a position of real responsibility.
A. offered B. trusted C. furnished D. retained
B. trusted。
trust sb. with sth. 把某事托付给某人 trust sth to sb :I can't trust him with my car.(我不能把我的车托付给他。)本题译文:你认为不会把真正有责任的工作托付给你。
18. She got married although her parents had not given her their _____.
A. allowance B. consent C. permit D. appreciation
B. consent.
consent n. 同意,赞成;consent (to) vi.同意,如:consent to a plan(同意一项计划)。allowance津贴。permit执照,许可证 permission n 允许。
19. At first Bob was puzzled by Virginia s waving, but then it _____ his mind that she was trying to tell him something.
A. crossed B. passed C. occurred D. opened
A. crossed. cross (enter)one's mind 想起:1)A sudden thought crossed my mind. 2)It never crossed my mind that he might refuse the request. (我从来没有想到他可能会拒绝这个请求。)
如用pass through, 例如:When Jane did not come home by midnight, many terrible fears passed through Mother's mind. (=Mother thought of many things that might have happened to Jane.)
occur的用法如下:1)That view of the case did not occur to me before. (对这个案件的那种看法以前我没有想到过。)2)It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child.(她想到,她可以收养一个无家可归的孩子。)
关于"想起"的以上三种表达法考生务必弄懂熟记。这些词组和句形不仅在词汇测试中经常遇到,而且在短文写作时也可以使用。
本题译文:起初鲍玻对弗吉尼亚的挥手致意感到迷惑,但后来他想到,她想告诉他某事。
20. When college students _____ future employment, they often think of status, income, and prestige.
A. demand B. assume C. apply D. anticipate
D. anticipate.
anticipate vt预料,期望,预望:The first question is one the John has anticipated. (第一个问题是约翰已经预料到的.)
anticipate +n/anticipate that; anticipate doing sth;I anticipated seeing you soon.
21. Alice _____ her father that both she and her husband would be happy if he would live with them.
A. convinced B. reinforced C. pledged D. required
A. convince
convince sb. +that从句意为"使......相信,说服......"。
convince sb of sth; I tried to convince them of his innocence. convince sb to do sth; We convinced him to go by car.
convinced adj Be convinced of/that; I am convinced of his guilt./I am convinced that he is guilty. convincing adj令人信服的
reinforce 加强,增强。pledge发誓,保证.
22. I caught a _____ of the car before it disappeared around the bend.
A. glance B. glimpse C. glare D. stare
B. glimpse
catch (or get) a glimpse of瞥见(强调行为的结果) I caught a glimpse of her in the crowd. 我在人群中瞥见了他。take a glance (or look) at看一眼(强调行为过程本身)。Take a glance at the Tv programs 瞄一下电视节目
23. The car salesman took the customer for a driver in the new model in order to _____ its improved features.
A. advocate B. demonstrate C. exhibit D. reveal
B. demonstrate
demonstrate(=show clearly by giving proof or example)以实物说明,示范,展示 The salesman demonstrated the new personal computer. advocate拥护,提倡。exhibit展览,陈列。reveal揭示,暴露。
24. After dinner the minister made a short _____ to the guests.
A. delivery B. pronunciation C. conversation D. speech
D.speech. make a speech to sb.(向某人做演讲)。make conversation with sb.(和某人闲谈conversation常与下列动词搭配:get (enter) into conversation with(和......攀谈起来),have a conversation with(与......谈话),interr upt (break off) conversation(中断谈话),turn the conversation to other matters(把话题转到其他问题上)delivery常指"(演讲等的)说话方式,口才",如: His report was good, but his delivery was poor.( 他的报告内容很好,但他的口才太差)。
25. The old man got into the _____ of storing money under the bed.
A. tradition B. habit C. use D. custom
B. habit. get into the habit of doing sth.意为"养成了做......的习惯"。habit指个人的习惯,而custom则指社会的风俗习惯。tradition"传统
26. One-room schoolhouses can still be found in _____ areas where there are no other schools for many miles.
A. disposed B. deserted C. isolated D. abandoned
C. isolated. isolated 孤立的。Deserted被遗弃的;空无一人的a deserted house 空无一人的房屋;abandoned丢弃的,如;abandoned cars(因报废而丢弃的汽车)。Dispose of sth. 处理掉某物:He disposed of his old car .(他把旧的汽车处理掉了。)意为卖掉或扔掉等。
27.It's bad ____ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.
A. behavior B. action C. manner D. movement
behavior意思为"举止,行为";action "动作";manner"方式"; movement "运动,行动"。答案A。
28.Before the final examination, many students have shown ____ of tension. Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost their appetite.
A. anxiety B. marks C. signs D. remarks
anxiety与 tension 同义,意思为"紧张";mark"记号,痕迹"; sign"迹象,现象,标记"; remark"评论"。根据句意,应为show signs of tension"表现出紧张的样子"。答案C。
29. When you do exercises, your heart works better. It is able to______ more blood while beating more slowly.
A. produce B. pump C. increase D. bump
B."泵入更多的血"。
A."产生";C."增加";D."碰,撞"。
30.-Yangyang carried off the first winter Olympic _____ medal for China.
-Great! What ____ she won for our motherland!
A. golden; honour B. gold; honor C. golden; honors D. gold; honors
根据句意可以知道,第一空"金牌"意思为"含金之物",应用gold作定语,而golden 为比喻性形容词,意思为"金色的"。例如golden rice"金黄色的稻子";第二空 honor 在此意思为"荣誉,光荣",是不可 数名词。答案B。
31. The problem is not ____ so easy as you think. It's far from being settled.
A. hardly B. almost C. nearly D. scarcely
hardly和scarcely 意思均为"几乎不",与题干中的not 构成双重否定,不符合句子意思;almost与not连用时,almost 常置于not前面,意思为"几乎不";只有 not nearly为正确结构,意思为"相差很远"。答案为C。
32.I'll____ him off this time but next time he'll be punished.
A. leave B. let C. put D. set
正确答案是B。let off 饶恕。 Set off 出发、动身; leave off 停止、不再穿;put off 推迟。
33. -- Who on earth could it be? -- It was ________ other than Peter.
A. none B. nothing C. not D. nobody
A. none other than (表示惊讶)不是别人,不是别的;就是,正是 It's none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa! 是汤姆!我们以为你还在非洲!
34. In the of proof , the police could not take action against the man .
A.lack B.shortage C.absence D.failure
C. in the absence of 缺少 shortage 缺乏, 无此搭配。"In the developed countries, there's a great shortage of labour / work force." 发达国家劳动力非常缺乏。
35. He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when
he worked with others.
A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character
D. 解析 考词义. the beauty of his character人格的魅力
36. Nowadays sending e-mails to each other is a way many a student _______ what they think.
A. conveys B. delivers C. express D. account
A. 解析 convey 表达Words can't convey my feelings.言语无法表达我的心情.
37. -How do you to her unkindly behavior? -Only silence.
Which of the following is wrong?
A.react B.answer C.reply D.respond
B. 解析:react/ reply/ respond to sb./ sth. answer sb./ sth.
38. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr. and Mrs. Brown without hurting the feeling of , but failed .
A.none B.either C.both D.neither
B. 解析:either指两者中的任何一个. 不愿意伤害他们两个当中的任何一个。
39. Does this car give you good _____for your money ?
A. value B. price C. worth D. cost
A. 解析good value for money 值得花那么多的钱
40. -Where Chongqing do you decide to build the factory ?
-Nobody our manager knows .
A.except; besides B.but; besides C.but ; but D.except; besides
C. 解析 but表示除外。主要和疑问副词、不定代词连用。除了重庆以外,你们公司将在什么地方建工厂?除了经理没人知道。
41.It seemed that Ivy was in no________ this evening to listen to my jokes.
A. mind B. mood C. feeling D. emotion
B be in no mood to do sth"没有做某事的心情"。
42.Sensible people don't think it is_______ to buy things which are not needed even at a low price.
A. worth B. worthy C. worthless D. worthwhile
D It is worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"。
it is worth doing sth
it is worthy to be done
It is worthy of being done
43.When you arrive at the hotel, you'll______ notice the friendly staff, who will make your holiday a wonderful dream.
A. sensitively B. scarcely C. immediately D. obviously
C"立即"。
A"敏感地";B"几乎不,将近";D"明显地"。
44.As they haven't a child of their own, they're going to _______ a little girl.
A. accept B. receive C. adapt D. adopt
D"领养"。
A"接受";B"收到";C"适应"。
45.After careful research, it was decided that the spaceship should reenter the Earth's________.
A. surface B. air C. environment D. atmosphere
D"大气"。
A"表面";B"空气";C"环境"。
46.David paused to consult his notes, then_______ with his speech.
A. proceeded B. pursed C. pronounced D. proposed
A"继续进行",为不及物动词,常和介词with连用。
B"追逐,继续,从事",为及物动词,后不能接介词;C"发音";D"提议,建议"。
47.That way of living is_______ to people in this small part of the country.
A. specific B. available C. peculiar D. particular
C be peculiar to"特有的",为固定词组。本句句意为:那种生活方式是这个国家那一小部分的人们所特有的。
48.The headmaster is to give a formal_______ at the annual ceremony.
A. address B. argument C. debate D. remark
A"演讲"。
B"争论";C"辩论";D"话语,评论"。
49.He had a talent for music and was______ conductor of Shanghai Symphony Orchestra at the age of 30.
A. assigned B. appointed C. named D. honored
B"任命"。
A"布置";C"命名";D"给......荣誉"。
50.Psychologists say that_____ our emotions will make us feel better and there is nothing to be ashamed of.
A. relieving B. relaxing C. releasing D. removing
C"释放"。
A"减轻";B"放松";D"清除"。
51. After many years' waiting, Chinese people______ realized their dream to hold the Olympic Games.
A. constantly B. eventually C. lastly D. generally
B"最终地"。
A"经常地";C"最后地";D"通常地"。
52.Such noble deeds of the doctors and nurses can't be only______ with money.
A. rewarded B. awarded C. praised D. valued
A"回报",常用于reward sb.with sth.结构。
B"授予(奖品等)",常用于award sb. sth; C"表扬";D"评价,重视"。
53.Shanghai is so full of_______, it seems as if things never stop.
A. strength B. spirit C. force D. energy
D"精力,活力"。
A"力气";B"精神";C"力量,武力"。
54.My knowledge of Hong Kong came only from some movies: a______ of criminals are pursued by the police in the narrow streets and then they have a fight.
A. group B. team C. class D. gang
D"一伙"。
A"组";B"队";C"种类,等级"。
55.When we finally arrived, a lady gave us a _______ introduction of the university.
A. clear B. brief C. main D. abstract
B"简要的"。
A"清晰的";C"主要的";D"抽象的"。
56.A(n)______ is a person who understand people's characters.
A. photographer B. psychologist C. physician D. physicist
B"心理学家"。
A"摄影师";C"内科医生";D"物理学家"。
57.If you build a house with good_______ , it will last long.
A. foundation B. floor C. basis D. ground
A"基础",此处指地下的基础。
B"地板,楼层";C"基础,根据",主要用于比喻方面,具有抽象意义;D"地面"。
58.Although I had read the book assigned by the professor several times, it didn't make any______ to me.
A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance
C make sense"有意义"。句意为:虽然我把教授布置的书读了好几遍,但是我仍看不懂它。
59.Burning all the lights in the classroom will be a great______ on electric power.
A. waste B. lack C. drain D. damage
C"消耗",常与介词on连用。
A"浪费",为不可数名词;B'"缺少";D"损坏,损害"。
60.As civilization______, more and more people have realized the importance of preserving rare animals from extinction.
A. stretches B. spreads C.extends D. expands
B"传播,扩散"。
A"伸展";C"延长";D"膨胀,扩大"。
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