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英语中形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化

时间:2022-03-01 18:07:26 高级英语 我要投稿

英语中形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化

  多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

英语中形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化

  英语中形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化 篇1

  1、一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;

  (1)单音节词 如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest

  (2)双音节词 如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest

  2、以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st; 如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest

  3、在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est; 如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest

  4、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est; 如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest

  5、其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most; 如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily

  注意:

  (1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。 例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

  (2) 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.

  6、有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 如:good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest

  英语中形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化 篇2

  1、“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。 如:This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。

  注意:

  ① 在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。

  ②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”。 如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.

  ③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。

  2、“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……” 如:It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。 It is getting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越凉爽。 The wind became more and more heavily. 风变得越来越大。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。

  3、在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。 如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,Tim还是Tom?

  4、 “the +比较级……, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”。 The more money you make, the more you spend. 钱你赚得越多,花得越多。 The sooner,the better. 越快越好。

  5、 表示倍数的比较级用法:

  ① A is …times the size /height/length/width of B. 如:The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)

  ② A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B. 如:Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)

  ③ A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B. 如:Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍。

  6、形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思。 句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:of the three, in our class等等。 如:He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。

  7、"否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。 Nothing is so easy as this。 =Nothing is easier than this。 =This is the easiest thing。

  8、 比较级与最高级的转换:Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class 7.

  修饰比较级和最高级的词

  1)可修饰比较级的词

  ①a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。

  ②还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。

  ③ 以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。

  注意: 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

  (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

  (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.

  2)下列词可修饰最高级:by far, far, much, mostly, almost. This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.

  注意:

  a、 very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best.

  b、 序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent.

  9、要避免重复使用比较级。

  (错) He is more cleverer than his brother.

  (对) He is more clever than his brother.

  (对) He is cleverer than his brother.

  10、要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

  (错) China is larger that any country in Asia.

  (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.

  11、要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out。

  12、要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。

  比较:

  Which is larger, Canada or Australia?

  Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

  She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.

  英语中形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化 篇3

  1. good 和 well 拥有共同的比较级和最高级,注意这里的 well 是个常考的词,因为它可以当形容词“气色好”,也可以当副词“......得好”例如:

  He was not well yesterday, but he feels well today, and he will be better tomorrow. 他昨天不舒服,今天好了,明天会更好。

  He swims very well. You swim better. I can swim best. 他游得好,你游得更好,我游得最好。

  2. 形容词 bad,ill 和 副词 badly 有共同的比较级 worse 和最高级 worst:

  This egg is bad. That one is worse. 这个蛋蛋是坏的,那个更坏。

  Tom did badly in the exam. Jerry did worse. Paul did worst. Tom 考试考砸了,Jerry 考得更糟,Paul 考得最糟。

  3. much 和 many 都表示多,分别修饰可数与不可数名词,它们有共同的'比较级和最高级:

  You have many apples. He has more apples than you have. I've got the most apples of us three.你有很多苹果,他的更多,我们三个中,我的苹果最多。

  You have much homework. She has more homework. I have the most. 你的作业多,她的更多,我的作业最多。

  4. little 此前我们说过它和 few 的区别,也讲过很实用的区别方法,little 修饰不可数名词,其比较级和最高级当然也不例外。

  You've got little chocolate. He's got less. I've got the least. 你只有一点巧克力,他的更少,我的最少。

  5. 前面的文章,我们讲过 farther 指能够测量的更远,further 指的是“深远、深刻”,无法用尺子量。

  I want to move to a farther place from London. 我想搬到离伦敦更远的地方去。

  Before discussing further, we need to make some key points clear. 在深入讨论之前,我们需要搞清楚几个要点。