新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Section B 单词
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new words
orthodox [':θdks]
a. accepted by most people as the correct or usual idea or prctice 传统的;公认的;通常的
realm [relm]
n. [C] 1 a particcular area of knowledge , experience, interest, etc. 领域;范围
2 a country ruled by a king or quean 王国
formulate ['f:mjuleit]
vt. develop a plan, system, or proposal,etc.carefully, thinking about all of its details 构想，制定(计划，制度，建议等)
layman ['leimn]
n. [C] sb.who is not trained to a high or professional standard in a particular subject 门外汉;外行
stainless ['steinlis]
a. 1 not spoiled by amything immoral or dishonest 无污点的;无瑕疵的;清白的
2 made of a type steel that does not trust 不锈钢的
incompetenc [in'kmpitns]
n. [U] lack of skill or ability to do sth. correctly or well 无能力;不胜任;不胜职
accountability [,kaunt'bilti]
n. [U] responsibility to sb. or for some activity 负有责任的;问责性
petty ['peti]
a. 1 unkind and caring too much about small unimportant details 小心眼的;心胸狭窄的;只关注琐事的
2 small and unimportant 小的;琐碎的;不重要的
veto ['vi:tu]
vt. 1 refuse to accept a particular plan or suggestion 不同意，反对
2 refuse to give offical permission to sth.,esp.sth .that other people or otganizations have aggred 否决
refute [ri'fju:t]
vt. 1 prove that a statement or idea is not correct 驳倒;反驳
2 say that s statement or idea is not true or accurate without giving proof; deny 驳斥;否认
hypothesis [hai'pθisis]
n. an idea that attempts to explain sth. but has not yet been tested or proved to be correct 假设;假说
hack [hk]
v. 1 use a computer to connect to sb.else’s computer secretely and offen illegally ,so that you can find or change information on it 非法侵入
2 cut sth. in a rough way, with a;ot of energy, or many times 劈;砍
stall [st:l]
v. suddenly stop working because there is not enough power or speed to keep it doing 停止运动，熄火
vi. deliberately delay because you are not ready to do sth .,answer questions,etc. 故意拖延
vt. make sub. wait or stop sth. from happening until you are ready 拖住;拖延
trigger ['triɡ]
vt. make sth .happen very quickly 使发生;引发;激发
n. [C] the part of a gun that you pull with you pull with your finger to fire it 扳机
hacker ['hk]
n. [C] sb.who uses a computer to connect to other people’s computers secretly and often illegally, so that they can find or change information 非法侵入他人计算机者;黑客
rivalry ['raivlri]
n. [C,U] a situation in which people, teams, businesses, etc. compete with one another 竞争;对抗
partition [pɑ:'tin]
vt. divide a room or vehicle with a partition 用阻隔物隔开
n. [C] a wall,screen,or piece of glass used to separate one area from another in a room or vehicle 阻隔物;隔板;隔墙
loop [lu:p]
n. [C] a round shape or curve made by a line curling back toward itself 环形;圈
v. make a round shape or make sth.into a round shape 成圈;把...打成环
plaza ['plɑ:z]
n. [C] 1 an area in a city where there are several shops and business 购物中心;商务街
2 a large open area with a hard surface in a city or town 广场
overstate [,uv'steit]
v. talk about sth.in away that makes it seem more important,impressive, or severe than it really is 把...讲的过分;过分强调;夸大
prophet ['prfit]
n. [C] 1 sb. who claims that they know what will happen in the future 预言者
2 a man who people in the Christian , Jewish,or Muslim religion believe has been sent by god to lead them and teach them their religious beliefs 先知;神使
testify ['testifai]
v. 1 make a ststement about sth, you saw,know, or experienced, usu. given in a court of law 作证，证明
2 provide evidence that sth. exists or is true 证明，证实
testimony ['testimni]
n. 1 [C,U] a formal ststement about sth. you saw,know, or experienced, usu. given in a court of law 证词
2[sing.,U] evidence that sth. exists or is true 证据;证明
recount [ri'kaunt]
vt. say what happened 叙述
n. [C] an occasion when sth .is counted again, esp. the votes in an election 重新计算;重点选票
retention [ri'tenn]
n. [U] 1 the act of keeping or storing sth. 保存 ;存放
2.the ability to keep workers or customers from living a company,or students from leaving a school保留，留住
retrieval [rtrivl]
n.[U]1.the process of getting sth.back that was lost or not in its usual place 收回
2.(computing)the process of getting back information stored inside a computer in order to use in again检索
assault [slt]
n.[C,U]1.a physical attack om sb.,or the crime of physically attacking sb.人身攻击
2.a strong spoken or written criticism of sb.else”s ideas,plans,ect.抨击
Vt.attack sb. Violently袭击
rape [rep]
n.1[C,U]the crime of forcing sb. To have sex by using violence
2.[sing.]destruction of sth.,esp.the environment破坏
Vt.force sb. To have sex by using violence
repel [ri'pel]
vt. 1 keep sth. or sb.away from you 驱除
2 make sb. feel so unpleasant experiments rather than on theory 使厌恶 使反感
empirical [em'pirikl]
a.based on real experience or scientific experiments rather than on theory 经验主义的;以科学实验为依据的
obscure [b'skju]
vt. 1 make sth.difficult to understand 使难解;搞混;使变模糊
2 cover sth.so that it cannot be seen;hide 遮掩;遮蔽
a. 1 not known about or not well know 不晓得，无名的
2 not clearly expressed or not easy to understand 晦涩的;费解的
incidence ['insidns]
n. [C,usu.sing,] the number of timr sth. happens, esp.crime,disease,etc. 发生率
periodic [,piri'dik]
a.happening regularly though not frequently 阶段性的;定期的.
casino [k'si:nu]
n. [C] a please where peopele risk money in the hope of winning more 赌场
slot [slt]
n. [C] 1 a long narrow hole that you can fit sth.into 狭长孔;狭槽
2 a time during a series of events when it is arranged that sth.will happen 时间，空挡
threshold ['θrehuld]
n. [C] 1 the level at which sth,starts to happen or have an effect 起始点;限度
2 the entrance to a room or building,or the area of floor or ground at the entrace 门口
trillion ['triljn]
num. 1 a very large number or amount of sth. 极多;大量;无数
2 the number 1,000,000,000,000 万亿
erroneous [i'runis]
a.not correct 错误的
decay [di'kei]
vi. 1 become gradualiy worse in quality ,or weaker in power of infiuence 变遭;衰退;衰败
2 gradually become worse because it has not been look after 逐渐破败;逐渐衰败
v. be gradually destroyed as a result of a natural process of change ,or destroy sth. in this way 腐烂;
watertight ['w:ttait]
a. 1 made very carefully so that people cannot find any mistakes in it 严密的，无懈可击的
2 made carefully so that cannot get in or out 不透水的;防水的;水密的
phrases and expressions
by virtue of
because of; as a result of 因为;由于;凭借
factor sth . into sth
include a particular amount or favtor when you calculate sth 把...计入;把....考虑在内
attribute sth. to sb./ sth.
believe that sth. is the result of a particular situation, event, or person’s actions 把......归因于
in reality
in actual fact (used to say that sth. is different from what people think) 事实上;实际上
come into play
start to happen or have an effect 开始发生作用;开始起作用
in that
for the reason that 因为;由于
call for
1 make sth.necessary or suitable 需要;使有必要
2 say publicly that sth.must be done 呼吁;要求
play the odds
take risks;try one’s luck 冒险;碰运气
in a row
happening in a number of times, one after the other 连续的
be/get stuck on sth
be unable to solve a problem and continue working 被......困住;被.....难住
subject
1 likely to experience sth. or to be affected by sth. 易经受...的;易受...影响的
2 depending on whether sth.happens 取决于...的;有待于...的