新sat写作技巧
新Sat写作现在分为三个分数，分别是Reading, Analysis, Writing，也就是“有没有掌握中心思想”、“对作者论证过程、表达方式的分析”和“英语写作清晰度、准确度”。下面是新Sat写作技巧，希望能帮到大家!
新Sat写作标准
2016sat发生的重大改革，新的SAT的作文变化蛮大的，基本信息如下：
1. 时长50分钟
2. 写作内容基于所给文章
3. 不需自己的观点
作文部分有三个分数，分别是Reading, Analysis, Writing，也就是“有没有掌握中心思想”、“对作者论证过程、表达方式的分析”和“英语写作清晰度、准确度”。
每个部分拿6分是基础，7分不错，8分满。
新Sat拿高分的技巧
一、手速
虽然 Essay部分时间有50分钟，但是其中包括阅读、构思和写作时间，所以也是蛮紧张的。而且作文长度对分数多多少少还是有些影响的。作文一共有两张纸，也就是四页，建议长度方面“保三争四”，因为得8/8/8这次长度是3页半，而且College Board提供的满分范文长度也近似。注意了，说的是长度，不是字数。大家把字写大一点，词与词间隔多一点，作文就自动变长了。
二、套路
之前说了，写作速度很重要，而套路能帮助我们有目标地阅读、省去“构思”时间、加快写作速度。
套路一：表扬作者
新SAT要我们写所给文章的作者，是怎么通过这样那样的方式证明自己的观点/说服读者听众的。
比如说文章内容是：“喝酒伤身所以应该收税”，那作文就不要写“我觉得喝酒不伤身”、“收税也没用”、“我觉得喝酒确实伤身”等等个人观点，而是写“作者论证得真好&为什么论证得好”。
所以，可以用一些自带评论和表扬词汇句式：
“John effectively builds his argumentthat…”
“John skillfully develops his point that…”
套路二：找到并评论三方面
提高Essay这部分的效率，需要我们有备而来。
1. Example and evidence & line of reasoning.
1)观点+例子/数据
这种是最简单的也基本上会出现的。直接写”In paragraph X, John’s argument that…is supported byconcrete evidence xxx…”
“Also, John’s proposal is backed up by similar/famous casestudies from…demonstrating the feasibility of his resolution.”
2)开头举例子/列数据
有些文章观点还没讲，就排了一堆examples/facts/statistics。这种CJ基本直接归到“作者见多识广底蕴深厚值得信任”一栏。
“A series of major compromises in history are listed at thebeginning of the passage to inform the audience of relevant background…”
“Knowledge of key events in the past brings credibility toJohn’s discussion of…”
“The description of the accident from an insider’s angle atthe beginning of the passage establishes John’s authority on…”
3) Line of reasoning
这个基本上是总结作者论证逻辑+逻辑如何流畅、总体多全面、论证多有力。
“After the main argument, John acknowledges the oppositeviews that…, then reinforces his point that… by pointing out the shortcomingsof…”
这里容易犯的一个错误就是，我们容易总结完“作者写了这个那个这个”之后就收笔了。这样的话，就完全没有evaluate作者的写作逻辑。最重要的就是总结后的评价，也就是“好在哪里”。
2. Vivid/Stylistic Language
这个点一定可以用，因为被拿出来当阅读文章的作者文笔肯定不会差。
不同文章会有不同的修辞手法，重点还是在找出修辞手法后，要写其“好在哪里”，是 “to impress the audience by drawing a vivid picture of theaftermath of…”，还是 “using parallelism to create tension, allowing the audience to feelthe urgency of…”。这些 evaluation才是提分的重点。
3. Appeal to the audience’semotion/sense of responsibility
Persuasive speech/article 一般的一个目的是 “call foraction”，而方法无外乎挑起群众的激情或责任感。
1)Appeal to emotion(常出现)
Fear：如果这么做/不这么做就会发生不好的事;描述一种灾难的普遍性或必然性(疾病传播速度、历史进程中和平和战争的规律…)。
总之，make the audience realize that we are vulnerable, so in order tosurvive, we must (well, listen to the speaker)…/we will head into chaos anddestruction unless we (well, listen to the speaker).
Pity: 这个比较简单，就是作者一般会描述一个很惨的故事或者场景，让人们心生不忍，于是受感召有所作为。
Guilt: 这个和pity有些不同在于，pity是他很惨，但与我无关;guilt是他很惨，正因为我。比如说描述“日系车主被砸卧床五年，就是因为群众不理智爱国”，让人们良心受谴，以后拒绝冲动。
2)Appeal to a sense ofresponsibility
这个基本上是“世界会很美好，如果我们这样做”，或者“世界会很糟糕，如果我们不这样做”。
标志有：
“the future of the country/people/children…”
“we are in this together…/xxx is one of us…”
还有就是，当作者突然开始用 “you” 来address audience的时候，很可能就是 “talking directly to the audience, reminding them that everyonelistening/reading has an inescapable duty to fulfill”
套路三：格式 & 第一段三句话
听说写作有的时候凭一种感觉，感觉好了便写得十分流畅，感觉不在便写得十分艰难。那么，一个信手拈来的`第一段，就格外重要。
第一句：情怀
Essay通篇都是客观的评价，但评卷人读那么多份难免有些枯燥，所以CJ开头会放一句非评价、貌似深刻的话，试图吸引评卷人注意建立好感。
比如一篇讲“遵循历史发展世界又要打仗了但是我们还要追求和平”的文，CJ第一句话会写： “War ends because we stop fighting, but peace lasts because wenever give up fighting for it.”
将读者的main message用自己的话说出来，能让考官从第一句话就觉得“这篇文章，学生看懂了”，还能多蹭点字数。
或者一篇讲“工业革命的后果”、偏论证的文章，第一句可以写 “Men have manufactured their own apocalypse.”总之，不要多想，直接凭读完文章的大体感觉写一句话就好。
第二句：作者出处
阅读文章开头都会给作者姓名、speech/published article的时间地点场合。所以第二句话就是：
“President Bush/Professor Schneider/John Wayne spoke to (audience type) at(place/occasion) on (date), addressing the issue of …”
“In the New York TimesIssue x, published on 19xx xx xx, Tom Phillips discusses the situation in…”
第三句话：概括文章论点、概述写作手法
“Phillips effectively builds and presentshis argument that… by providing evidence and examples, using vivid language,and appealing to the audience’s sense of responsibility.”
以上三句话写好，基本上一个漂亮的introduction就完成了。之后三个写作手法(evidence, language, appeal to xxx)一个一段就可以了。
下面分享一篇新Sat要求分析的范文
At my family's cabin on a Minnesota lake, I knew woods so dark that my hands disappeared before my eyes. I knew night skies in which meteors left smoky trails across sugary spreads of stars. But now, when 8 of 10 children born in the United States will never know a sky dark enough for the Milky Way, I worry we are rapidly losing night's natural darkness before realizing its worth. This winter solstice, as we cheer the days' gradual movement back toward light, let us also remember the irreplaceable value of darkness.
All life evolved to the steady rhythm of bright days and dark nights. Today, though, when we feel the closeness of nightfall, we reach quickly for a light switch. And too little darkness, meaning too much artificial light at night, spells trouble for all.
Already the World Health Organization classifies working the night shift as a probable human carcinogen, and the American Medical Association has voiced its unanimous support for "light pollution reduction efforts and glare reduction efforts at both the national and state levels." Our bodies need darkness to produce the hormone melatonin, which keeps certain cancers from developing, and our bodies need darkness for sleep. Sleep disorders have been linked to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and depression, and recent research suggests one main cause of "short sleep" is "long light." Whether we work at night or simply take our tablets, notebooks and smartphones to bed, there isn’t a place for this much artificial light in our lives.
The rest of the world depends on darkness as well, including nocturnal and crepuscular species of birds, insects, mammals, fish and reptiles. Some examples are well known—the 400 species of birds that migrate at night in North America, the sea turtles that come ashore to lay their eggs—and some are not, such as the bats that save American farmers billions in pest control and the moths that pollinate 80% of the world’s flora. Ecological light pollution is like the bulldozer of the night, wrecking habitat and disrupting ecosystems several billion years in the making. Simply put, without darkness, Earth’s ecology would collapse.
In today’s crowded, louder, more fast-paced world, night’s darkness can provide solitude, quiet and stillness, qualities increasingly in short supply. Every religious tradition has considered darkness invaluable for a soulful life, and the chance to witness the universe has inspired artists, philosophers and everyday stargazers since time began. In a world awash with electric light...how would Van Gogh have given the world his “Starry Night”? Who knows what this vision of the night sky might inspire in each of us, in our children or grandchildren?
Yet all over the world, our nights are growing brighter. In the United States and Western Europe, the amount of light in the sky increases an average of about 6% every year. Computer images of the United States at night, based on NASA photographs, show that what was a very dark country as recently as the 1950s is now nearly covered with a blanket of light. Much of this light is wasted energy, which means wasted dollars. Those of us over 35 are perhaps among the last generation to have known truly dark nights. Even the northern lake where I was lucky to spend my summers has seen its darkness diminish.
It doesn’t have to be this way. Light pollution is readily within our ability to solve, using new lighting technologies and shielding existing lights. Already, many cities and towns across North America and Europe are changing to LED streetlights, which offer dramatic possibilities for controlling wasted light. Other communities are finding success with simply turning off portions of their public lighting after midnight. Even Paris, the famed “city of light,” which already turns off its monument lighting after 1 a.m., will this summer start to require its shops, offices and public buildings to turn off lights after 2 a.m. Though primarily designed to save energy, such reductions in light will also go far in addressing light pollution. But we will never truly address the problem of light pollution until we become aware of the irreplaceable value and beauty of the darkness we are losing.
这篇文章通过自己过去的经历与现在孩子的遗憾进行对比纪念了夜美好，指出所有生物在演化的过程早已习惯了昼夜交替的规律。阐述了夜的重要性以及没有黑夜可能带来的危害。
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