大学英语四级阅读单选题讲解「是非题」
大学英语四级阅读是非题讲解【一】
Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown，Maryland’decided to find out whether?as many smokers say* smoking helps them to -think and concentrate”. Spilich put young non-smokers,active smokers and smokers deprived (被 IN 夺)of cigarettes through a series tests.
In the first test,each subject (试验对象)sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test，smokers，deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.
The next test was more complex,requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁)，active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.
In the third test of short-term memory?non-smokers made the fewest errors，but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.
The fourth test required people to read a passage* then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers，and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories,but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.
“As our tests became more complex,” sums up Spilich，-non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins”. He predicts? “smokers might perform adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose but if something went wrong,smoking might damage his mental capacity. ”
1- Which of the following statements is true?
A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.
B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.
C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.
D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.
【参考答案】：
1. C是非题。从文中的第三个测试就可排除A，从第一个测试就可排除B、D，因为在第一段，“In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well “可判断。
大学英语四级阅读是非题讲解【二】
If women are mercilessly exploited (剥削)year after year，they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it,only a woman is capable of standing in front of a -wardrobe (衣柜)packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised,and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth,comfort and durability (酎用).They only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up ? any amount of discomfort,as long as they look right. There can hardly be a who hasn t at some ^ in hi8 life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day,or del.cately Pass way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious, he constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of incons-and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their nchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.
2- According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.
B The constant changes in women，s clothing reflect their strength of character.
C The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
D Fashion designers should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.
【参考答案】：
2. A是非题。B内容与文章不符，C与第三段第二句话相矛盾，D没有被提及，而A由文章第一、二句话得出，故选A。